Replication Data for: Global Competition, Local Unions, and Political Representation: Disentangling Mechanisms

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Stegmueller, Daniel; Becher, Michael, 2025, "Replication Data for: Global Competition, Local Unions, and Political Representation: Disentangling Mechanisms", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/OPXLWV, Harvard Dataverse, V1
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Description
While recent scholarship has demonstrated multiple political effects of international trade, less attention has been paid to unbundling the mechanisms through which import competition affects democratic politics. One mechanism, in theory, works through labor unions as domestic countervailing powers shaping legislative responses on compensation and trade votes. We assess the relevance of unions as a mediating variable in the US Congress. For identification, we leverage two distinct sources of exogenous variation, one instrument for import exposure and another for unionization, and combine them in a semiparametric estimator. We find that (i) import competition lowers district-level unionization, (ii) weaker unions lead to less legislative support for compensating economic losers and less opposition to trade deregulation, and (iii) the union mechanism represents a large fraction of the overall effect of import exposure on legislative votes. The results help explain weak compensation and further trade liberalization in the face of rising global competition. (2024-06-10)
Subject Social Sciences
Keyword Democratic Representation, Trade, Labor Unions, Mediation
Notes This dataset underwent an independent verification process, complying with the AJPS Verification Policy updated June 2023, which replicated the tables and figures in the primary article. For the supplementary materials, verification was performed solely for the successful execution of the code. The verification process was carried out by the Cornell Center for Social Sciences at Cornell University.

The associated article has been awarded the Open Materials Badge. Learn more about the Open Practice Badges from the Center for Open Science.

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Replication materials.: Please see the included README.txt file for details on software requirements and how to run all code (batch / shell scripts are included).
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