Do Alliances Really Deter (doi:10.7910/DVN/29743)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
Entire Codebook

Document Description

Citation

Title:

Do Alliances Really Deter

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/29743

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Date of Distribution:

2015-04-03

Version:

Bibliographic Citation:

Kenwick, Michael; Vasquez, John; Powers, Matthew, 2015, "Do Alliances Really Deter", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/29743, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:5:S7krw2aAkb+G89zLqiFXlQ== [fileUNF]

Study Description

Citation

Title:

Do Alliances Really Deter

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/29743

Authoring Entity:

Kenwick, Michael (The Pennsylvania State University)

Vasquez, John (The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

Powers, Matthew (The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

Producer:

Michael Kenwick

Date of Production:

2015

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Distributor:

The Journal of Politics Dataverse

Access Authority:

Michael Kenwick

Date of Deposit:

2015-03-31

Date of Distribution:

2015

Holdings Information:

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/29743

Study Scope

Abstract:

These files replicate the analysis performed in Kenwick, Vasquez, and Powers' "Do Alliances Really Deter." Data sets consist of 10 year observations and record whether an alliance was formed in year five of a given observation and the frequency of interstate conflict before and after this time. Please see the README file and online appendix for additional details.

Methodology and Processing

Sources Statement

Data Access

Notes:

Other Study Description Materials

File Description--f2548606

File: ben_10yrd_1816-1945.tab

Number of cases: 5581
No. of variables per record: 25
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:5:LHvi46yxXGKl9T81XVYujQ==

10 year observations drawn from the Benson data, spanning 1816-1945

File Description--f2548603

File: ben_10yrd_1816-1945_pure.tab

Number of cases: 5713
No. of variables per record: 25
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:5:LzVKC9mczrTmpQgN7x18gQ==

10 year observations drawn from the Benson data, spanning 1816-1945 (only alliances with purely conditional deterrent terms included)

File Description--f2548604

File: ben_10yrd_1816-2000.tab

Number of cases: 8925
No. of variables per record: 25
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:5:gqzMVJFMr2IldBuXimYTOw==

10 year observations drawn from the Benson data, spanning 1816-2000

File Description--f2548607

File: ben_10yrd_1816-2000_pure.tab

Number of cases: 10019
No. of variables per record: 25
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:5:H5rO7I0pfrOpHJyQdnBHEA==

10 year observations drawn from the Benson data, spanning 1816-2000 (only alliances with purely conditional deterrent terms included)

File Description--f2548608

File: ben_10yrd_1946-2000.tab

Number of cases: 3052
No. of variables per record: 25
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:5:LxHflpzB8Y481cmjEBSGCA==

10 year observations drawn from the Benson data, spanning 1946-2000

File Description--f2548605

File: ben_10yrd_1946-2000_pure.tab

Number of cases: 4014
No. of variables per record: 25
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:5:uxPBLx+l83QVaNir0vXMGg==

10 year observations drawn from the Benson data, spanning 1946-2000 (only alliances with purely conditional deterrent terms included)

File Description--f2548612

File: jl_10yrd_1816-1945.tab

Number of cases: 16069
No. of variables per record: 23
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:5:R8IHJ7rAOQ8dvuH3hheOSg==

10 year observations drawn from the Johnson and Leeds data, spanning 1816-1945

File Description--f2548613

File: jl_10yrd_1816-1945_pure.tab

Number of cases: 16282
No. of variables per record: 23
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:5:35Y0QrbP8T8o/WrZ96SLDA==

10 year observations drawn from the Johnson and Leeds data, spanning 1816-1945 (only alliances with purely defensive terms included)

File Description--f2548614

File: jl_10yrd_1816-2000.tab

Number of cases: 45721
No. of variables per record: 23
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:5:eCMvwfXvBrC6hfXddWGHHA==

10 year observations drawn from the Johnson and Leeds data, spanning 1816-2000

File Description--f2548609

File: jl_10yrd_1816-2000_pure.tab

Number of cases: 50823
No. of variables per record: 23
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:5:4SGwyJNGAkJax5H4n2SmSg==

10 year observations drawn from the Johnson and Leeds data, spanning 1816-2000 (only alliances with purely defensive terms included)

File Description--f2548611

File: jl_10yrd_1946-2000.tab

Number of cases: 27774
No. of variables per record: 23
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:5:FKfLnR3xbjL3uJ+0T+A/Cw==

10 year observations drawn from the Johnson and Leeds data, spanning 1946-2000

File Description--f2548610

File: jl_10yrd_1946-2000_pure.tab

Number of cases: 32611
No. of variables per record: 23
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:5:5pGQrJRvZFbBpSmOSsZ7+A==

10 year observations drawn from the Johnson and Leeds data, spanning 1946-2000 (only alliances with purely defensive terms included)

Variable Description

List of Variables:

year - Year of observation
ddyad - ccode1*1000+ccode2
disputes_before_use - Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)
anydispaft_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)
ccode1 - COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)
ccode2 - COW Country Code (Potential Target)
uncondeter - Unconditional Deterrent alliance (potential target)
probabilistic - Probabilistic deterrent alliance (potential target)
jdem - Joint democracy
contig - Contiguity
condcompel - Conditional compellent alliance (Potential challenger)
uncondcompel - Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential challenger)
targ_condcompel - Conditional compellent alliance (Potential target)
targ_uncondcompel - Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential target)
disputes_before - Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
rivalry_bef - Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
longitudinal_treatment - Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Conditional deterrent alliance formation in yr 6)
disputeindex - Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period
anydispaft - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners included)
warindex - Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period
ccode1_maj - Potential challenger is major power
ccode2_maj - Potential target is major power
anywarafter - Any wars in second 5 yr period
year - Year of observation
ddyad - ccode1*1000+ccode2
disputes_before_use - Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)
anydispaft_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)
ccode1 - COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)
ccode2 - COW Country Code (Potential Target)
uncondeter - Unconditional Deterrent alliance (potential target)
probabilistic - Probabilistic deterrent alliance (potential target)
jdem - Joint democracy
contig - Contiguity
condcompel - Conditional compellent alliance (Potential challenger)
uncondcompel - Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential challenger)
targ_condcompel - Conditional compellent alliance (Potential target)
targ_uncondcompel - Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential target)
disputes_before - Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
rivalry_bef - Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
longitudinal_treatment - Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Conditional deterrent alliance formation in yr 6)
disputeindex - Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period
anydispaft - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners included)
warindex - Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period
ccode1_maj - Potential challenger is major power
ccode2_maj - Potential target is major power
anywarafter - Any wars in second 5 yr period
year - Year of observation
ddyad - ccode1*1000+ccode2
disputes_before_use - Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)
anydispaft_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)
ccode1 - COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)
ccode2 - COW Country Code (Potential Target)
uncondeter - Unconditional Deterrent alliance (potential target)
probabilistic - Probabilistic deterrent alliance (potential target)
jdem - Joint democracy
contig - Contiguity
condcompel - Conditional compellent alliance (Potential challenger)
uncondcompel - Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential challenger)
targ_condcompel - Conditional compellent alliance (Potential target)
targ_uncondcompel - Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential target)
disputes_before - Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
rivalry_bef - Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
longitudinal_treatment - Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Conditional deterrent alliance formation in yr 6)
disputeindex - Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period
anydispaft - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners included)
warindex - Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period
ccode1_maj - Potential challenger is major power
ccode2_maj - Potential target is major power
anywarafter - Any wars in second 5 yr period
year - Year of observation
ddyad - ccode1*1000+ccode2
disputes_before_use - Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)
anydispaft_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)
ccode1 - COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)
ccode2 - COW Country Code (Potential Target)
uncondeter - Unconditional Deterrent alliance (potential target)
probabilistic - Probabilistic deterrent alliance (potential target)
jdem - Joint democracy
contig - Contiguity
condcompel - Conditional compellent alliance (Potential challenger)
uncondcompel - Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential challenger)
targ_condcompel - Conditional compellent alliance (Potential target)
targ_uncondcompel - Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential target)
disputes_before - Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
rivalry_bef - Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
longitudinal_treatment - Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Conditional deterrent alliance formation in yr 6)
disputeindex - Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period
anydispaft - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners included)
warindex - Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period
ccode1_maj - Potential challenger is major power
ccode2_maj - Potential target is major power
anywarafter - Any wars in second 5 yr period
year - Year of observation
ddyad - ccode1*1000+ccode2
disputes_before_use - Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)
anydispaft_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)
ccode1 - COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)
ccode2 - COW Country Code (Potential Target)
uncondeter - Unconditional Deterrent alliance (potential target)
probabilistic - Probabilistic deterrent alliance (potential target)
jdem - Joint democracy
contig - Contiguity
condcompel - Conditional compellent alliance (Potential challenger)
uncondcompel - Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential challenger)
targ_condcompel - Conditional compellent alliance (Potential target)
targ_uncondcompel - Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential target)
disputes_before - Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
rivalry_bef - Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
longitudinal_treatment - Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Conditional deterrent alliance formation in yr 6)
disputeindex - Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period
anydispaft - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners included)
warindex - Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period
ccode1_maj - Potential challenger is major power
ccode2_maj - Potential target is major power
anywarafter - Any wars in second 5 yr period
year - Year of observation
ddyad - ccode1*1000+ccode2
disputes_before_use - Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)
anydispaft_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)
ccode1 - COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)
ccode2 - COW Country Code (Potential Target)
uncondeter - Unconditional Deterrent alliance (potential target)
probabilistic - Probabilistic deterrent alliance (potential target)
jdem - Joint democracy
contig - Contiguity
condcompel - Conditional compellent alliance (Potential challenger)
uncondcompel - Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential challenger)
targ_condcompel - Conditional compellent alliance (Potential target)
targ_uncondcompel - Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential target)
disputes_before - Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
rivalry_bef - Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
longitudinal_treatment - Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Conditional deterrent alliance formation in yr 6)
disputeindex - Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period
anydispaft - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners included)
warindex - Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period
ccode1_maj - Potential challenger is major power
ccode2_maj - Potential target is major power
anywarafter - Any wars in second 5 yr period
ddyad - directed-dyad unique ID
year - observation year
disputes_before_use - Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)
anydispaft_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
ccode1 - COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)
ccode2 - COW Country Code (Potential Target)
pchaloff - Challenger offensive alliance
pchalneu - Challenger neutrality pact
jdem - Joint democracy
contig - Contiguity
ptargoff - Target offensive alliance
ptargneu - Target neutrality pact
disputes_before - Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
rivalry_bef - Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
longitudinal_treatment - Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Alliance formation in yr 6)
disputeindex - Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period
anydispaft - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)
warindex - Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period
ccode1_maj - Potential challenger is major power
ccode2_maj - Potential target is major power
anywarafter - Any wars in second 5 yr period
ddyad - directed-dyad unique ID
year - observation year
disputes_before_use - Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)
anydispaft_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
ccode1 - COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)
ccode2 - COW Country Code (Potential Target)
pchaloff - Challenger offensive alliance
pchalneu - Challenger neutrality pact
jdem - Joint democracy
contig - Contiguity
ptargoff - Target offensive alliance
ptargneu - Target neutrality pact
disputes_before - Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
rivalry_bef - Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
longitudinal_treatment - Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Alliance formation in yr 6)
disputeindex - Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period
anydispaft - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)
warindex - Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period
ccode1_maj - Potential challenger is major power
ccode2_maj - Potential target is major power
anywarafter - Any wars in second 5 yr period
ddyad - directed-dyad unique ID
year - observation year
disputes_before_use - Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)
anydispaft_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
ccode1 - COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)
ccode2 - COW Country Code (Potential Target)
pchaloff - Challenger offensive alliance
pchalneu - Challenger neutrality pact
jdem - Joint democracy
contig - Contiguity
ptargoff - Target offensive alliance
ptargneu - Target neutrality pact
disputes_before - Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
rivalry_bef - Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
longitudinal_treatment - Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Alliance formation in yr 6)
disputeindex - Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period
anydispaft - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)
warindex - Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period
ccode1_maj - Potential challenger is major power
ccode2_maj - Potential target is major power
anywarafter - Any wars in second 5 yr period
ddyad - directed-dyad unique ID
year - observation year
disputes_before_use - Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)
anydispaft_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
ccode1 - COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)
ccode2 - COW Country Code (Potential Target)
pchaloff - Challenger offensive alliance
pchalneu - Challenger neutrality pact
jdem - Joint democracy
contig - Contiguity
ptargoff - Target offensive alliance
ptargneu - Target neutrality pact
disputes_before - Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
rivalry_bef - Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
longitudinal_treatment - Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Alliance formation in yr 6)
disputeindex - Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period
anydispaft - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)
warindex - Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period
ccode1_maj - Potential challenger is major power
ccode2_maj - Potential target is major power
anywarafter - Any wars in second 5 yr period
ddyad - directed-dyad unique ID
year - observation year
disputes_before_use - Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)
anydispaft_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
ccode1 - COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)
ccode2 - COW Country Code (Potential Target)
pchaloff - Challenger offensive alliance
pchalneu - Challenger neutrality pact
jdem - Joint democracy
contig - Contiguity
ptargoff - Target offensive alliance
ptargneu - Target neutrality pact
disputes_before - Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
rivalry_bef - Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
longitudinal_treatment - Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Alliance formation in yr 6)
disputeindex - Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period
anydispaft - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)
warindex - Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period
ccode1_maj - Potential challenger is major power
ccode2_maj - Potential target is major power
anywarafter - Any wars in second 5 yr period
ddyad - directed-dyad unique ID
year - observation year
disputes_before_use - Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)
anydispaft_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin_use - Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
ccode1 - COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)
ccode2 - COW Country Code (Potential Target)
pchaloff - Challenger offensive alliance
pchalneu - Challenger neutrality pact
jdem - Joint democracy
contig - Contiguity
ptargoff - Target offensive alliance
ptargneu - Target neutrality pact
disputes_before - Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
rivalry_bef - Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation
longitudinal_treatment - Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Alliance formation in yr 6)
disputeindex - Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period
anydispaft - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period
anydispaft_wjoin - Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)
warindex - Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period
ccode1_maj - Potential challenger is major power
ccode2_maj - Potential target is major power
anywarafter - Any wars in second 5 yr period

Variables

Year of observation

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:3NEX48RNb/YfmQD8HT/hSg==

ccode1*1000+ccode2

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:G+68bC2yVNGAJjhXEchWiA==

Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:LVUH6r8QFn0bVIAhnbQmZg==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:1AlaPSFOIT2Bzzw3Lf8Vlw==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:elE92I7bS8d3tuf+8ARvzA==

COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:n9ix+b47RGpy9gCJ3OlpSg==

COW Country Code (Potential Target)

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:+eGvS5k2G24EloGUJWMHZg==

Unconditional Deterrent alliance (potential target)

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ZupH8ieCk4Oq5W87UUv0JA==

Probabilistic deterrent alliance (potential target)

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:bZGJ2kinnWDED3CqGVv3qg==

Joint democracy

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:D8XYrLm7yiem9Q4z5K5ITA==

Contiguity

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Hi6pqY7SHOfJS1OyKQPtDA==

Conditional compellent alliance (Potential challenger)

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:3UA1rWhWRve/WCaK1QOWGA==

Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential challenger)

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:5MMDJE6vsnldJn99CW2uRQ==

Conditional compellent alliance (Potential target)

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:36QwcTnE2hNsJfJbQzGLsQ==

Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential target)

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:aiE3kSUBZ4VOCQZoc39nNQ==

Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:q5kAmfS812PcT88Q9OMKiQ==

Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:8RoXI+wV/aRvHa7UbBNqNQ==

Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Conditional deterrent alliance formation in yr 6)

f2548606 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Treatment (Def Pact in Year 5)	0
0.	No Treatment (No Def Pact)	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:T/YAFwT0sy48J47kgs8akQ==

Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period

f2548606 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Same Before and After	0
2.	More MIDs After	0
0.	No MIDs Before or After	0
-1.	Fewer MIDs After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:gJGMVVk/qUF+YgS8Agwx5Q==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:MeK4UzFqreb5uR1TluF2Hw==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners included)

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:elE92I7bS8d3tuf+8ARvzA==

Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period

f2548606 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	No Wars Before or After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0
2.	More Wars After	0
-1.	Fewer Wars After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:rveB4gAT0ctq2aovEoviGQ==

Potential challenger is major power

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:sZs1J3gCvCjRHCzOfre+yg==

Potential target is major power

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:QkoemvrHvFhNfvzuFOhYeA==

Any wars in second 5 yr period

f2548606 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:SqZvcR4TvRDu0WW11zjHjQ==

Year of observation

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:lgb/BSQY6huLHdZlxAO3Hg==

ccode1*1000+ccode2

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:FzpK1NnyxUgZ5nTZIZUPRA==

Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:iNC+W+uUaw0oXjj8lXIDtA==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:M7TNTH6eLZGhpX3JCkpVrA==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:t7/h2589XS6RaAPBu93GCA==

COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:2SSBXckd4FGQpkb1nlI0RA==

COW Country Code (Potential Target)

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:73A9s1eiTDnPPVQKCBWfNA==

Unconditional Deterrent alliance (potential target)

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:29IApPu3diPurA+yioDyaw==

Probabilistic deterrent alliance (potential target)

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Dff0yBXg77+fF320YqZE5g==

Joint democracy

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:EcSG8eM72hPtj2jeoE+9jQ==

Contiguity

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:lz2eZs2g0bZvEHLh2MJvyw==

Conditional compellent alliance (Potential challenger)

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:uae4nCOvd4Tuk7KUa2HiDQ==

Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential challenger)

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:goF+Lt9Lm8rDFx9ld/iCiw==

Conditional compellent alliance (Potential target)

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:GrGn7NgI7nJgLH1TV3fxyA==

Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential target)

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:RaNfJdVfde6dVfeFVQRtTA==

Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Kfz4Za+YL/cLoK2Zry560w==

Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:J/zwElO9Ve8FW7+ejQSGXg==

Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Conditional deterrent alliance formation in yr 6)

f2548603 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Treatment (Def Pact in Year 5)	0
0.	No Treatment (No Def Pact)	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:0xBlj6KGByeoGNrnW0wPUg==

Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period

f2548603 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
2.	More MIDs After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0
0.	No MIDs Before or After	0
-1.	Fewer MIDs After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:qXppX2W5qysmmtMX2AV14Q==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ssxFVdTYuIEaOrjt0/1yjw==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners included)

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:t7/h2589XS6RaAPBu93GCA==

Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period

f2548603 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Same Before and After	0
0.	No Wars Before or After	0
2.	More Wars After	0
-1.	Fewer Wars After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:+tKdGrtIDpecCdsYR8iLNw==

Potential challenger is major power

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:LUNA+uN6rLoWpzKqPxT7jQ==

Potential target is major power

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:blki0/RZxh8AI57apjIurg==

Any wars in second 5 yr period

f2548603 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Z3CZaLexwhtpTh84kQ79mw==

Year of observation

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:eOC/mYCoYpztX/a42yW0dQ==

ccode1*1000+ccode2

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:QUMYhYLG0qzvK1YMCn+IVQ==

Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:9WbJ3ep7/ggkyqgFaje5ww==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ftYIklLoost+PT+yOrdyPQ==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:NkadYtzvxVII2SSEqzMr5Q==

COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:z0fEio7kW1JCF63MUT825A==

COW Country Code (Potential Target)

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ydz64cxHhD5/GVNgdYkD7w==

Unconditional Deterrent alliance (potential target)

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Xt9Gs36gTr+mafdRM+Axcw==

Probabilistic deterrent alliance (potential target)

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:s0YxRkNMMZMpuub0S8RH1Q==

Joint democracy

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:TY9nVgxHlMLAhlONubPTPg==

Contiguity

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:fiELrJ2WzGtYobE3VDDJ5Q==

Conditional compellent alliance (Potential challenger)

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:yubIaeworJjm9x57YsLK5w==

Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential challenger)

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:9jyn/AeTgUyFdFeMwgnpJw==

Conditional compellent alliance (Potential target)

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vdgKdgnevUoaUD25FaYKnA==

Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential target)

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:mcQgZcJLqs+0rkZfY2SSOA==

Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:bhpNkLCxjXI0iPe2AV8UcA==

Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:35eRIwHByVHIDvdZT16arg==

Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Conditional deterrent alliance formation in yr 6)

f2548604 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Treatment (Def Pact in Year 5)	0
0.	No Treatment (No Def Pact)	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:yvMiW6TUpfCgSbSb3Kgq/A==

Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period

f2548604 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Same Before and After	0
-1.	Fewer MIDs After	0
0.	No MIDs Before or After	0
2.	More MIDs After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:FP2X0lUlsHVaVEXWc/YqNg==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:u1S2jZQ5pDAzwYBNTZFNCQ==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners included)

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:NkadYtzvxVII2SSEqzMr5Q==

Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period

f2548604 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Same Before and After	0
2.	More Wars After	0
-1.	Fewer Wars After	0
0.	No Wars Before or After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:CEOoCPhCEye1/t7sFSemnQ==

Potential challenger is major power

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:w/nKbV8DfTWHbCiOeDIU6Q==

Potential target is major power

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:2vfo4zHSiVazZkU0YUClYg==

Any wars in second 5 yr period

f2548604 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:LZ/oOfr1ClbI9c2NkdfUig==

Year of observation

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:f3IACMxyRf74QBbE+loTbQ==

ccode1*1000+ccode2

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:uItKHOw7nIUl7j07smF72g==

Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:qsHs256T2+13/5+Rie2mnA==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:myL+dKaYngOe4PZz8vLDKg==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:NI5QnasKc/TcC+eCA19ecw==

COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:6Ys0YUszaome0ll7W0XMCw==

COW Country Code (Potential Target)

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:0UVJvkF8ZpKxPshMNNvH8g==

Unconditional Deterrent alliance (potential target)

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:OXLSN0T/Q/InTH21z0Grpw==

Probabilistic deterrent alliance (potential target)

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:EpYZlsFNoN08zjfwcGblfQ==

Joint democracy

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:mJvCAiGx9/W10hq+81nRag==

Contiguity

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:y7k3VXTwOUqdyCiyiFzWtw==

Conditional compellent alliance (Potential challenger)

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ZQdZJoLLgeRPk77kmHF5vw==

Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential challenger)

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:CxZZiO4XPqOEBvlwaekWUA==

Conditional compellent alliance (Potential target)

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:JO94oyKjxYAfterBLugRpA==

Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential target)

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:JSWJi0SE3yusLmLcNGnPqQ==

Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:4A1KJ8Q3tnIul915h2Jk8Q==

Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:WaThwctfE4ArTa/a3RqngA==

Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Conditional deterrent alliance formation in yr 6)

f2548607 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	No Treatment (No Def Pact)	0
1.	Treatment (Def Pact in Year 5)	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:7bFWkqY3vjHTVBXgkCvMrg==

Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period

f2548607 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	No MIDs Before or After	0
-1.	Fewer MIDs After	0
2.	More MIDs After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:5lXxs8D3N1qpQoGrvULneA==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:IJprea7KUauvry7TT8Ybyg==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners included)

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:NI5QnasKc/TcC+eCA19ecw==

Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period

f2548607 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Same Before and After	0
0.	No Wars Before or After	0
-1.	Fewer Wars After	0
2.	More Wars After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:DUtAaMeDsX/Oqi6XrqX15g==

Potential challenger is major power

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:L7IyI+nUA09C0nwRZJeAXw==

Potential target is major power

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:G9P223Z0dMXjstyJxPkSEg==

Any wars in second 5 yr period

f2548607 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:zkyLzycIo2ujgSOZ4TPjhQ==

Year of observation

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:BIk7mfP3Y5BiccRHz7mToA==

ccode1*1000+ccode2

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:wBzwbtEAMNOa7/K+46/HKQ==

Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:xHkt6MrtUxwFFPR9uXtgig==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:wy24q0q3ryl/N+2ulEj2rA==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:QUaBTD+3vKo8aeXdZ2vRKA==

COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:DK6JohLaZxAnq3WzavWXiQ==

COW Country Code (Potential Target)

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:N11nBmcgf1yaVKEj/uTXZw==

Unconditional Deterrent alliance (potential target)

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:jMNIXJ4aNNpqLLLRoM0LqA==

Probabilistic deterrent alliance (potential target)

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:x191cVgh/vQA9wU6kJ1uoA==

Joint democracy

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:6zQgl5Cwehrghz/zQTy9fQ==

Contiguity

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:OVLVG+6x++QmXwymfFOl3Q==

Conditional compellent alliance (Potential challenger)

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:wYMw3C4X+NBjGVPO1U+OJw==

Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential challenger)

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:fCPsc1/Jy3HncNMcadqkSg==

Conditional compellent alliance (Potential target)

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:wYMw3C4X+NBjGVPO1U+OJw==

Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential target)

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:yA2q+9O5KI2Kt4BLApb41Q==

Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:AxAVrTIr7ZW7x4+7U3zVmw==

Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:mVh3lg2EiiS/JUMg/5Opvw==

Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Conditional deterrent alliance formation in yr 6)

f2548608 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	No Treatment (No Def Pact)	0
1.	Treatment (Def Pact in Year 5)	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:GVW5HbPeLsJ8K5PzCuPY7A==

Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period

f2548608 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
-1.	Fewer MIDs After	0
0.	No MIDs Before or After	0
2.	More MIDs After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:2GdPBNdqZD1KLfWp52vJpw==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:zF9Y8OFwI8b/gvYh/GJxgg==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners included)

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:QUaBTD+3vKo8aeXdZ2vRKA==

Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period

f2548608 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Same Before and After	0
2.	More Wars After	0
0.	No Wars Before or After	0
-1.	Fewer Wars After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:w/LtOvAYIEw4uxs4WtVVCA==

Potential challenger is major power

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:jI1fc2XoJ2ZxQgyTILVVtg==

Potential target is major power

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Oi4b/+enfH/7BYmEi47gZA==

Any wars in second 5 yr period

f2548608 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:5MUAHI5KlCCh3QN+qNSqVQ==

Year of observation

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:GKOT6HPmOhZ+Z1Cwp03oGg==

ccode1*1000+ccode2

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:M8mu4k6IzHuGf/2VfhL9aw==

Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:4GlJEm6YdNz24MPP/ifnRQ==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vco5gX0rFGL/KpR3pKYPzg==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:0KL8dMfTdcfs/yGpouVm/g==

COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:lgxNDnvcfUdA+YJO//e2ng==

COW Country Code (Potential Target)

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:TXKJHWqhOIBbnR6ub1FvLA==

Unconditional Deterrent alliance (potential target)

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:CRDHozFNWtuZiKvSXLbANQ==

Probabilistic deterrent alliance (potential target)

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:pFRC1udtdioyjdR+Sfj33A==

Joint democracy

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:usIBBWyQphBvFJ87b5BTjQ==

Contiguity

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:A7Z7a2kmo4d0HmGevEZtOA==

Conditional compellent alliance (Potential challenger)

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:zGZUEJ3G+5UI6D05EPwiXg==

Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential challenger)

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:aAXTFEL00BUV3kZKn2on1A==

Conditional compellent alliance (Potential target)

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:zGZUEJ3G+5UI6D05EPwiXg==

Unconditional deterrent alliance (Potential target)

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:q5quLc1X2+Ad3ILCANsXcw==

Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:0B1e2A0O03tbEJ8k+VYncw==

Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:gj9KNL2dmWPp9ArHa1E35Q==

Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Conditional deterrent alliance formation in yr 6)

f2548605 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	No Treatment (No Def Pact)	0
1.	Treatment (Def Pact in Year 5)	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:3NAChz7UE+Sp3ZVks59w6A==

Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period

f2548605 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Same Before and After	0
2.	More MIDs After	0
0.	No MIDs Before or After	0
-1.	Fewer MIDs After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:uQg2M47C0So2qHDh+iCT4w==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:figpehaB3THODBHF8z+A3w==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners included)

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:0KL8dMfTdcfs/yGpouVm/g==

Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period

f2548605 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
2.	More Wars After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0
0.	No Wars Before or After	0
-1.	Fewer Wars After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:AznboE2+NUglJYtRZlYewA==

Potential challenger is major power

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:/bLaAt9H2kF+YhwOfbsrFA==

Potential target is major power

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:sNWv23ydMVcc03AF1Pny2A==

Any wars in second 5 yr period

f2548605 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:XvEeaoHpTVc21rPoD3JOVQ==

directed-dyad unique ID

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:zhwVJeIrFexxqSzKh2TIwA==

observation year

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:WL5apmvY8w6ZMi+FfSO57w==

Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:dGn/Wfrv2tJc0rf45CmCSw==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:UAWGV8If3JJLIYjbTeSvMw==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:a1rFAFKv5xtg5VaY57nVQw==

COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:F3djTAzYpAzZZ4PpNZhp6Q==

COW Country Code (Potential Target)

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:qcq5wP9R23Eq8qxm9dhg5g==

Challenger offensive alliance

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:zgGft+m1gFGQSf2dQfn+Jw==

Challenger neutrality pact

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:DO3xOINFfbUyJ2LcylVamw==

Joint democracy

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:j9prkoTSzkDzxqaAPEPMVg==

Contiguity

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:zxwKSh94X2yTa17/Zv9naA==

Target offensive alliance

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:JCRvOKdArlW2yLeP9hEnQA==

Target neutrality pact

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:9+fTpS86TAzvC708KcEuTg==

Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:QGdUwO355kKx4dt90ZHvAQ==

Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:C7nStINSXb37Ld43pIx6Bw==

Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Alliance formation in yr 6)

f2548612 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Treatment (Def Pact in Year 5)	0
0.	No Treatment (No Def Pact)	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:fUkelbRKV5Z2oAgEC+2qXQ==

Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period

f2548612 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Same Before and After	0
-1.	Fewer MIDs After	0
0.	No MIDs Before or After	0
2.	More MIDs After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ZROsyEoEvAgmbAnB+5e1JQ==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:k4g8tsEMzubcju8XQP2kew==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:a1rFAFKv5xtg5VaY57nVQw==

Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period

f2548612 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	No Wars Before or After	0
-1.	Fewer Wars After	0
2.	More Wars After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Cfuos5du2O4REjD6X5VhDw==

Potential challenger is major power

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:YjKeA7vX7Y6opw1XWdG+uQ==

Potential target is major power

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:8cAf7KwAg98Kc3USRqaoXg==

Any wars in second 5 yr period

f2548612 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:FOh0yiNHwB6VGjx2wKBKLA==

directed-dyad unique ID

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:3RPT7GDULJC/ZuMFED6DiA==

observation year

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:WirtR2w2acs22BHMC/b8Iw==

Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:oHHqMD/axXlro3OtEh9oOA==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:DHl/nMlLeegOwJ9xk2Ycjg==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:AJCLopc/hWh0ZTn64iIyRQ==

COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:k/GMsi6KLrl1w3wqLUgVqQ==

COW Country Code (Potential Target)

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:9I2zFzJA5V8JKuDqp/P9CA==

Challenger offensive alliance

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:QZM6ZI5Pct9fN5eYv7gqxw==

Challenger neutrality pact

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:c7o1hYhHON+MNF52c7DWCw==

Joint democracy

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:L8rBR3PXKD6pWcFgLq4pSQ==

Contiguity

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:+BRo3etMhd5xzHaUNG9JDQ==

Target offensive alliance

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:IGgKXF591mXVp9msIONyOw==

Target neutrality pact

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Rj49LWKUQvyDHOEYhxLE0Q==

Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:O9AViHd2ESu/LEcTX2sv/Q==

Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:YmGbAdbdZ3pvBzdsXa+owA==

Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Alliance formation in yr 6)

f2548613 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	No Treatment (No Def Pact)	0
1.	Treatment (Def Pact in Year 5)	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:PJLRdjMTV9kJgBIW1zW8Vg==

Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period

f2548613 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
2.	More MIDs After	0
0.	No MIDs Before or After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0
-1.	Fewer MIDs After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:rTy3dkd4vXnT+VdH3Xq4fw==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:pl+z2jE3sn7D0ZDKl3N3sA==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:AJCLopc/hWh0ZTn64iIyRQ==

Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period

f2548613 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
2.	More Wars After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0
0.	No Wars Before or After	0
-1.	Fewer Wars After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ZeBCQPpeWRYuIjNqhVW2Kg==

Potential challenger is major power

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:jv8XEq/ka7TD7FzdhWXuYA==

Potential target is major power

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:zAbAgMqbXpo98K8cSr6SGg==

Any wars in second 5 yr period

f2548613 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:OsWaEcnhK3OVA4VK/cSTlg==

directed-dyad unique ID

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:TG/g4+/YS/CtaV62+UZTmg==

observation year

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Ng0eugyxO8J6qPzcvfOR2w==

Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:XQbg37EFUJDILEqnCH+CvQ==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:eA3WfX9XPESx5YpEabu+4A==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:kwtRlQWRJKu1jwl7GdBMvw==

COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vBTtA/VYSjwjCNVedEJAOA==

COW Country Code (Potential Target)

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:QtEsc2dhpvNd7iPpxsT//A==

Challenger offensive alliance

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:IpU6WechaNbsvz58YIkO+g==

Challenger neutrality pact

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:uahdo96l3kowXRS4okdFNA==

Joint democracy

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Ma63ilwj9PRFtOkUWKkWJg==

Contiguity

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Xye0mFwM4VQvg+sPdeXIoQ==

Target offensive alliance

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:8jJQ1DF8dRFZb/TEGgjbHw==

Target neutrality pact

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Nx80ekEsxdfIxhOCVDtiVQ==

Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:2R6dkRKHVc1n3w7t+hVqoQ==

Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:tcBvOSW0fZ3kn54oLpbwCw==

Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Alliance formation in yr 6)

f2548614 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	No Treatment (No Def Pact)	0
1.	Treatment (Def Pact in Year 5)	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:MVhvYkDB+W/7Gle8mXppfw==

Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period

f2548614 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
2.	More MIDs After	0
-1.	Fewer MIDs After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0
0.	No MIDs Before or After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:BA3Tr7EPx7YCixG9c5BKFQ==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:rDBdbX7gfe4DWY58UnwQgg==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:kwtRlQWRJKu1jwl7GdBMvw==

Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period

f2548614 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
2.	More Wars After	0
0.	No Wars Before or After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0
-1.	Fewer Wars After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:2ozx923oMJ1hGI+x3vDHbw==

Potential challenger is major power

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:S/O7LrASMBHAfehjS4M/9g==

Potential target is major power

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:FL1afgsNlLu4RhCzSpn9sw==

Any wars in second 5 yr period

f2548614 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:8RZFweei62lqUJuyh4gCCQ==

directed-dyad unique ID

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:j4VVfYlgaiPDu8+M9yOERQ==

observation year

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:YIGQSnBwFDPSKAWc472euA==

Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:BfQJefEt24wPq54tzLTpWw==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:7ZkKORD8pzIln5cvyo2QdQ==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:7DeMG86jw87CwCSxh88QRA==

COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:mXwSFQsq32Qc/sH2HxF3nw==

COW Country Code (Potential Target)

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:w8nC1oJafeffirL81Mn2XA==

Challenger offensive alliance

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:SLYLy9ZceJMVhGunO1tMUg==

Challenger neutrality pact

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Wo8M6HcHr0gljARVnxDMiw==

Joint democracy

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:8yI/Tykdv3rTkM0Lb/bujA==

Contiguity

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:FJY4IoNM557oKDlxnlHExA==

Target offensive alliance

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:yiH7KwZBnurntCDpbXCs0w==

Target neutrality pact

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:JVy5XZaO5jwcEPuuogA+9Q==

Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:TZN810/3uHnHxxzUsD2RHg==

Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:92icW2MTyP3R12GkhUdtUQ==

Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Alliance formation in yr 6)

f2548609 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Treatment (Def Pact in Year 5)	0
0.	No Treatment (No Def Pact)	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:dJ1IFTKaXvPBGln7JhOHCA==

Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period

f2548609 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	No MIDs Before or After	0
2.	More MIDs After	0
-1.	Fewer MIDs After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:lTq88Kavjwllx3+gMyVAJA==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:gi7BFi4dW3hAkQaOPwMXXQ==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:7DeMG86jw87CwCSxh88QRA==

Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period

f2548609 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
2.	More Wars After	0
-1.	Fewer Wars After	0
0.	No Wars Before or After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:w/i8dNWuhZ77qihthOl/jg==

Potential challenger is major power

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Mgb0Vib0mokxIcyKQMS82A==

Potential target is major power

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:JqphLXfBq9tGWS3Cb8t5Xg==

Any wars in second 5 yr period

f2548609 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:HwoqkXoZkJLs19fsFbC19Q==

directed-dyad unique ID

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:2K1/+lBdFKk0l2f4NQfiPg==

observation year

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:f0lOkC6+0QC4as7hMwZo4A==

Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ueoxEjENFq9QK4GhRagiuA==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Nda8nzPK9WDbETfmu74CJQ==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:hNmQbOg2APzgEj6GyxG5Yg==

COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:H0BW4+GHGfBUUFOVU8Q0bQ==

COW Country Code (Potential Target)

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:YpS69aN8zUjIAF+sqZXaxw==

Challenger offensive alliance

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:OQjr+OAbR3fCThFgkVQs8Q==

Challenger neutrality pact

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:u0VN+YKqxAZUxGM5o+ufZg==

Joint democracy

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:n0bRb6QvJ2AUI8GY9NquJw==

Contiguity

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:F843MTymUfNtWjsapsx1eA==

Target offensive alliance

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:g2WememGBUNubDxhBhemOw==

Target neutrality pact

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:6DLonv2M7yL8XsliKdSx0A==

Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Xjsd+zc7SFYql17s7e+3mQ==

Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:dMmOZiUlrZphXfFsdArcKg==

Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Alliance formation in yr 6)

f2548611 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	No Treatment (No Def Pact)	0
1.	Treatment (Def Pact in Year 5)	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:atiNAqpVUVY0d2YL6nNodw==

Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period

f2548611 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Same Before and After	0
0.	No MIDs Before or After	0
-1.	Fewer MIDs After	0
2.	More MIDs After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:y1MOMzaKHf1DLPWGxue85A==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:r+EhmIFpNANyZEo3ilOd1A==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:hNmQbOg2APzgEj6GyxG5Yg==

Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period

f2548611 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
2.	More Wars After	0
-1.	Fewer Wars After	0
0.	No Wars Before or After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:caFDISyaCy7qC7RcNGhcOA==

Potential challenger is major power

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:6lt4Izmg8cX+LANUSmi/ug==

Potential target is major power

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ProJzF47eBqUlXoG4ZiG7w==

Any wars in second 5 yr period

f2548611 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:hE8JSn8b/OxFBBObCjQWdQ==

directed-dyad unique ID

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:rspqis8eSlgikIbnKI1zbw==

observation year

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:NtjtVIQ5dBSKNoQxit3dGw==

Disputes in years 1-5 (only use of force MIDs)

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:C/YyAGhcU4yZG2KltNVs6Q==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:OATRXvNcTiownnQ8gI6UNg==

Any use of force MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:w+2epx8kOy5tUfHpc2KEOw==

COW Country Code (Potential Challenger)

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:2NLzBqAVG0LmPODEP7d+ow==

COW Country Code (Potential Target)

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:q2DFTsYfZ3QUmaL+EJXqQQ==

Challenger offensive alliance

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:9nSNN93pRIOuAgNXM+NGsQ==

Challenger neutrality pact

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:+u8SEAjIXpmrhScYbNy5pQ==

Joint democracy

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:2JJcHWwmAFnhI1xlplU6/A==

Contiguity

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:japoLfRe9D/5Sj3WNxBi8A==

Target offensive alliance

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:W/gpGZDFbp9MXBR2qnJcwg==

Target neutrality pact

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Su7Q3bSd1FSZ8QiQPVAUjg==

Number of MIDs in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:njVaq1jsz50qMoj4RURF7w==

Number of rivalry years in 5yr period prior to alliance formation

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:rw8S7Goe9YB+1G33+f4Y0g==

Indicator: 0 - Control 1 - (Alliance formation in yr 6)

f2548610 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	No Treatment (No Def Pact)	0
1.	Treatment (Def Pact in Year 5)	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Iw4pCsS5UbAZWUAK0nSOBA==

Change in frequency of MIDs in first versus second 5yr period

f2548610 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
2.	More MIDs After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0
0.	No MIDs Before or After	0
-1.	Fewer MIDs After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:+V+Uya0/SGlDUp4KNRy2+g==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:PLhKLIYpf98iDVGZQHVifQ==

Any MIDs initiated against target in second 5 yr period (joiners)

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:w+2epx8kOy5tUfHpc2KEOw==

Change in frequency of wars in first versus second 5yr period

f2548610 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
-1.	Fewer Wars After	0
2.	More Wars After	0
0.	No Wars Before or After	0
1.	Same Before and After	0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:kQKzIwIS1eeDFLMS6pvf9g==

Potential challenger is major power

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:qBVaefM93cnKbA5uCJEyTw==

Potential target is major power

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vpVZgycqdTq8dbT13J5cxw==

Any wars in second 5 yr period

f2548610 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:PPp3Lkl+8SLq/MbMy3q7sQ==

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

KVP_jop_README.txt

Text:

Notes:

text/plain; charset=UTF-8

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

KVP_jop_rep.do

Text:

do file for replication

Notes:

text/x-stata-syntax; charset=US-ASCII

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

KVP_jop_rep.smcl

Text:

log file of replication

Notes:

text/plain; charset=US-ASCII