Replication Data for: Punishing Local Incumbents for the Local Economy. Economic Voting in the 2012 Belgian Municipal Elections (doi:10.7910/DVN/AGTZ36)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
Entire Codebook

Document Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: Punishing Local Incumbents for the Local Economy. Economic Voting in the 2012 Belgian Municipal Elections

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/AGTZ36

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Date of Distribution:

2016-02-04

Version:

2

Bibliographic Citation:

Dassonneville, Ruth; Claes, Ellen; Lewis-Beck, Michael S., 2016, "Replication Data for: Punishing Local Incumbents for the Local Economy. Economic Voting in the 2012 Belgian Municipal Elections", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/AGTZ36, Harvard Dataverse, V2, UNF:6:j7yrL7WCtkPF4joG5jrlQA== [fileUNF]

Study Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: Punishing Local Incumbents for the Local Economy. Economic Voting in the 2012 Belgian Municipal Elections

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/AGTZ36

Authoring Entity:

Dassonneville, Ruth

Claes, Ellen

Lewis-Beck, Michael S.

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Access Authority:

Dassonneville, Ruth

Depositor:

Dassonneville, Ruth

Date of Deposit:

2015-11-17

Holdings Information:

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/AGTZ36

Study Scope

Keywords:

Arts and Humanities

Abstract:

After decennia of research on economic voting, it is now established that the state of the economy affects voting behaviour. Nevertheless, this conclusion is the result of a focus on predominantly national-level economies and national-level elections. In this paper, we show that at a local level as well, mechanisms of accountability linked to the economy are at work. The local economic context affected voting behaviour in the 2012 Belgian municipal elections, with a stronger increase of unemployment rates in their municipality significantly decreasing the probability that voters choose an incumbent party. Additionally, we observe that voters are not opportunistically voting for incumbents who lower tax rates. Instead, voters seem to be holding local incumbents accountable for local economic conditions. We hence conclude that voters care about economic outcomes, not about what specific policies are implemented to reach these outcomes. KEYWORDS economic voting, local elections, reward and punishment, Belgium

Methodology and Processing

Sources Statement

Data Access

Notes:

<a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0">CC0 1.0</a>

Other Study Description Materials

File Description--f2727970

File: ItPSR_Punishing Local Incumbents_replication.tab

  • Number of cases: 3892

  • No. of variables per record: 20

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:j7yrL7WCtkPF4joG5jrlQA==

Dataset

Variable Description

List of Variables:

Variables

Municipality_code

f2727970 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

39.

[39] Verviers

7.

[7] Koekelare

20.

[20] Tessenderlo

36.

[36] Herstal

2.

[2] Anzegem

16.

[16] Willebroek

18.

[18] Dilbeek

38.

[38] Liège

25.

[25] Molenbeek-Saint-Jean

31.

[31] Dour

30.

[30] Vaux-sur-Sûre

33.

[33] Dinant

5.

[5] Mechelen

29.

[29] Rebecq

4.

[4] Sint-Niklaas

9.

[9] Berlare

32.

[32] La Louvière

14.

[14] Schilde

3.

[3] Aarschot

23.

[23] Jette

22.

[22] Tongeren

34.

[34] Nivelles

6.

[6] Nevele

19.

[19] Neerpelt

28.

[28] Musson

15.

[15] Arendonk

35.

[35] Charleroi

26.

[26] Bruxelles

8.

[8] Lochristi

37.

[37] Saint-Nicolas

40.

[40] Zaventem

12.

[12] Tielt

27.

[27] Tubize

11.

[11] Torhout

21.

[21] Beringen

17.

[17] Antwerpen

10.

[10] Eeklo

1.

[1] Kortenberg

24.

[24] Saint-Josse-Ten-Noode

13.

[13] Blankenberge

Summary Statistics: Mean 21.82168550873522; Min. 1.0; Max. 40.0; Valid 3892.0; StDev 11.660297667598819;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:SrI6JzwEcjDhuH4MUep/wg==

Age

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 18.0; Max. 95.0; Mean 44.64902363823227; Valid 3892.0; StDev 16.88356855792106

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:bEu4rcfEHn6L8fq5Km/wqA==

Female

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3892.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.47661870503597087; StDev 0.4995171922779092; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5sFQzsMklqpQ4kjf/1evww==

French

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4943243448690496; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 3892.0; Mean 0.42446043165468444;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:6OittIfh2S6d1ZZD+KusnQ==

HighEdu

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.49582002456641033; Valid 3892.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.4349948612538538;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ZLawXFgLI4USc2tfY74NaQ==

Years_municipality

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 3892.0; StDev 18.963347960417448; Mean 23.6997687564234; Max. 90.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jeMdemzasB+voXOrR6kclw==

Left_right

f2727970 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

10.

right

0.

left

5.

centre

Summary Statistics: Max. 10.0; Valid 3892.0; StDev 2.2241594838038785; Min. 0.0; Mean 4.781731757451184;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:P7XTN6oVWv0TNj0pl/ph0w==

IncumbencyCoalition

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.49028341457522456; Max. 1.0; Valid 3892.0; Mean 0.598406988694757

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eaC1IToCtd4NgCSDd3AD2w==

IncumbencyMayor

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.3430113052415211; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4747762279118811; Valid 3892.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RuN0XyWRVsXm7X/JFbBKFQ==

Terms

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 6.0; Valid 3892.0; Mean 3.968396711202445; Min. 1.0; StDev 1.8986876661607495

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DPHynOdTVvJQuQnCuetOWA==

ENP

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 3.8062718440486583; Min. 1.850000023841858; Max. 5.179999828338623; StDev 0.7019516571186396; Valid 3892.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RP8I1xdxxEYIMKnybkA1gw==

LaggedCoalition

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 89.63999938964844; Min. 46.25; StDev 7.955997013526038; Mean 58.619219215408805; Valid 3892.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rkzm1wdx0H19aqeuxou9uA==

LaggedMayor

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 23.270000457763672; Max. 64.55999755859375; Mean 39.57867139951546; StDev 8.78166613370007; Valid 3892.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cPMupDJi0NWp/ZFZCPOEPA==

Change unemployment rate 2006-2011

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -2.929999828338623; Max. 7.1399993896484375; Valid 3892.0; StDev 3.107380951991574; Mean 1.1317395268338852;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:6igPMbe8PRLZJ1XGgEoaKQ==

Change unemployment rate 2010-2011

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 3.6157172562351; Max. 9.059999465942383; Mean 2.092949693274042; Min. -1.0500001907348633; Valid 3892.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kGhGlQW7nXX/Fqy4ApOx4A==

Local income tax 2012

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3892.0; StDev 0.9717449656911682; Mean 7.495632065775941; Max. 8.800000190734863; Min. 5.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2P0H9CP4N4BLgrRho1lraQ==

Local property tax 2012

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 18.75; Mean 33.33465757105357; StDev 5.7637713572697695; Max. 43.75; Valid 3892.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:KIXgXqlwWh+WbQjT3vPXqg==

HighEduUnempl

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.901343806306913; Min. -1.0500001907348633; Valid 3892.0; Max. 9.059999465942383; StDev 2.548150036722308

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:SMKau/FDcuudq7SdeIAhFg==

HighEduapb

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 3.232785201268724; Min. 0.0; Valid 3892.0; StDev 3.7429435577056287; Max. 8.800000190734863;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2iPxZTKLo2nMLVtFotgXbQ==

HighEduLPT

f2727970 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 43.75; Valid 3892.0; StDev 16.818255380400593; Mean 14.347122270793859

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5NqpNHT8aMoVWZ2ic3Ku1Q==

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

ItPSR_Dataset info.pdf

Text:

Information on variables included in dataset

Notes:

text/pdf

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

ItPSR_Replication .do

Text:

Do-file for replication tables

Notes:

application/x-stata-syntax

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

ItPSR_Simulations Fig1.R

Text:

R Do-file for simulations Figure 1

Notes:

type/x-r-syntax

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

ItPSR_Simulations Fig2.R

Text:

R Do-file for simulations Figure 2

Notes:

type/x-r-syntax