Replication Data for: Blowback: When China’s Belt and Road Initiative Meets Democratic Institutions (doi:10.7910/DVN/BINUYG)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
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Replication Data for: Blowback: When China’s Belt and Road Initiative Meets Democratic Institutions

doi:10.7910/DVN/BINUYG

Harvard Dataverse

2025-03-10

1

Ghiselli, Andrea; Morgan, Pippa, 2025, "Replication Data for: Blowback: When China’s Belt and Road Initiative Meets Democratic Institutions", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/BINUYG, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:TcbbotAl8xyCZ7I2OBJuXQ== [fileUNF]

Replication Data for: Blowback: When China’s Belt and Road Initiative Meets Democratic Institutions

doi:10.7910/DVN/BINUYG

Ghiselli, Andrea (University of Exeter, UK)

Morgan, Pippa (Duke Kunshan University, China)

Harvard Dataverse

Ghiselli, Andrea

UB-KSU, ISQ

2025-03-10

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/BINUYG

Social Sciences

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has two interconnected goals: increasing China’s diplomatic clout and expanding the presence of Chinese companies overseas. However, contrary to the intuitive notion that good diplomacy creates economic opportunities, we argue that when the partner country is a democracy, these goals conflict. First, we hypothesize and quantitatively uncover a negative relationship between host state democratic institutions and infrastructure contracts won by Chinese firms overseas. Second, we test whether host states’ joining the BRI affects contract volumes. Our results indicate that in states with more democratic institutions, host government joining of the BRI is negatively associated with infrastructure contracts for Chinese companies, pointing to blowback in democracies against the BRI. This study contributes to understanding the complex relationship between diplomacy and commerce, the domestic politics of foreign countries in shaping Chinese foreign policy, and the factors driving China's overseas infrastructure contracting.

Andrea Ghiselli, Pippa Morgan, Blowback: When China’s Belt and Road Initiative Meets Democratic Institutions, International Studies Quarterly, Volume 69, Issue 1, March 2025, sqaf014, https://doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqaf014

Andrea Ghiselli, Pippa Morgan, Blowback: When China’s Belt and Road Initiative Meets Democratic Institutions, International Studies Quarterly, Volume 69, Issue 1, March 2025, sqaf014, https://doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqaf014

• Number of cases: 16

• No. of variables per record: 7

• Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

UNF:6:A3neup4QzPjXaVMytPU/Vw==

• Number of cases: 3781

• No. of variables per record: 58

• Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

UNF:6:661sgHRoEz0JQTeE6Fj8lQ==

• Number of cases: 96199

• No. of variables per record: 3

• Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

UNF:6:gaFR5FSLCVt+oh8n9f+c9Q==

• Number of cases: 241

• No. of variables per record: 8

• Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

UNF:6:OvszogIuntJYbOkCqKFi3g==

• year
• aei_investment_bns - AEI investments (bns USD) (source: AEI tracker)
• contracts_aei_bn - Total AEI contracts (source: AEI tracker)
• fdi_flow_usd_bns - Total Chinese OFDI flows, USD bns (source: NBS / MOFCOM)
• global_loans_bn - Chinese EXIM & CDB loans globally in USD bns (Source: Boston)
• value_engdes_bns - Value of Chinese overseas engineering, construction and design contracts USD bns
• official_finance_usd_bns - official finance committeed USD bns (OF, ODA, vague) (AidData 2.0)
• country - Name of country
• cown - Correlates of War (COW) 3-digit code
• iso3n - ISO 3 digit numeric code
• year - Year
• value_engdes - Value of Chinese engineering, construction and design contracts (10,000USD)
• value_engdes_plusone - value_engdes + 1
• ln_value_engdes_plusone - Natural logarithm of value_engdes_plusone
• v2x_libdem - VDem liberal democracy index (VDem)
• bri_mou - =1 if MoU is signed in that year, 0 otherwise (Council on Foriegn Relations)
• resources - Natural resource rents (% GDP) (WDI)
• gdp_per_capita - GDP per capita (WDI)
• gdp_growth - GDP % change (WDI)
• population - Population of country (WDI)
• ln_population - Natural logarithm of population (WDI)
• tradeflow_comtrade_d - Trade flows as reported by the destination, 1000s USD (Comtrade via CEPII)
• ln_tradeflow_comtrade_d - Natural logarithm of tradeflow_comtrade_d
• political_stability_absence_of_v - Political stability absence of violence score (WGI)
• newcom_worldbank - New loan committments from the World Bank (IBRD & IDA) USD (World Bank IDS)
• newcom_worldbank_plusone - newcom_worldbank + 1
• ln_newcom_worldbank_plusone - Natural logarithm of newcom_worldbank_plusone
• official_finance_committment_usd - Chinese official finance committed (OF + ODA + vague) USD (AidData 2.0)
• official_finance_usd_plusone - official_finance_usd + 1
• ln_official_finance_usd_plusone - Natural logarithm of official_finance_committment_usd + 1
• idealpointdistance - UN ideal point distance between host & China (Bailey et al 2017)
• china_dist - Distance between most populated cities, in km (CEPII)
• ihs_value_engdes - Inverse hyperbolic sine of value_engdes
• turnover_engdes - Turnover of Chinese engineering, construction and design contractors (10,000USD)
• ln_turnover_engdes_plusone - natural logarithm of turnover_engdes_plusone
• ihs_turnover_engdes - Inverse hyperbolic sine of turnover_engdes
• v2x_polyarchy - VDem electoral democracy index
• bri_member - 1=BRI MoU signed with China; 0 if otherwise (missing=unknown) (Council on Foreig
• bri_launched - =1 from 2013 onwards, 0 before
• president_visit - =1 if Chinese president visited, 0 otherwise (Wang & Stone 2022)
• premier_visit - =1 if Chinese premier visited, 0 otherwise (Wang & Stone 2022)
• oil - Oil rents (% GDP) (WDI)
• govt_effectiveness - Government effectiveness score (WGI)
• china_distcap - Distance between capitals, in km (CEPII)
• kofgi - KOF Globalization Index (KOF)
• nato - =1 if country is NATO member, 0 otherwise (NATO)
• unsc - =1 if temp member of UNSC, 0 otherwise (P5 coded as missing) (Dreher et al 2009)
• election - = 1 if presidential or legislative election held, 0 otherwise (Borman & Golder)
• unemployment_ilo - % total unemployment (ILO)
• corruption_control - Corruption control score (WGI)
• years_in_state_system - Number of years in state system (COW)
• state_system_membership_length - Length of state system membership ranging 0-1 (years_in_state_system/204) (COW)
• mfa_region - China Ministry of Foreign Affairs region
• democracy - democracy (Boix Miller Rosato)
• democracy_trans - democracy_trans (Boix Miller Rosato)
• democracy_breakdowns - democracy_breakdowns (Boix Miller Rosato)
• democracy_duration - democracy_duration (Boix Miller Rosato)
• democracy_omitteddata - democracy_omitteddata (Boix Miller Rosato)
• democracy_femalesuffrage - democracy_femalesuffrage (Boix Miller Rosato)
• v2x_partipdem
• v2x_freexp_altinf
• v2x_liberal
• v2x_partip
• v2x_cspart
• bri_list
• _ID
• _X
• _Y
• country_name - Country name
• country_id - V-Dem Country ID
• cown - COW country codes
• ccode - Country Code
• cname - Country Name
• SOVEREIGNT - SOVEREIGNT
• ADMIN - ADMIN
• na_id_world

f10975491 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2019.0; Min. 2004.0; Valid 16.0; StDev 4.760952285695233; Mean 2011.5

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:pg8feG86HytyHagxFkRO/g==

f10975491 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 10.239999800920486; Valid 15.0; Mean 82.36933353990317; Max. 170.98000165075064; StDev 47.3775856576363;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3vi+GFjihh77ra5QvUXBbg==

f10975491 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 53.0500005086263; Valid 15.0; Min. 8.930000305175781; StDev 23.966376000409625; Max. 84.6500015258789

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:fDyA7eAsF1cEG5d5kuL5MQ==

f10975491 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 196.14942932128906; Mean 88.53859815001488; Min. 5.497990131378174; Valid 16.0; StDev 58.222789821896235

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uTM6Udyhx2ZIUvZwyHyWhQ==

f10975491 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 12.0; Max. 74.96099853515625; Mean 38.94216704368591; StDev 21.234413527717475; Min. 7.132999897003174;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ynZ/mba7KYM2VjOMd4SlNw==

f10975491 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 19.295759201049805; Valid 16.0; Max. 261.3589172363281; Mean 148.9659013748169; StDev 78.19014219449647;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Qgz690dBk4MeQDgtE6oj3A==

f10975491 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 57.084559610911775; Valid 14.0; StDev 32.30898417323919; Max. 112.62313079833984; Min. 4.992702960968018

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:HHFMG+fqPFw/crzOnqd63w==

f10975492 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:uwo8VLbJ8uSpM3l463Iiog==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 467.10471204188593; Min. 2.0; StDev 262.3009247799451; Valid 3629.0; Max. 990.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jDV6KRApYPxJ8eoCw5ZLJw==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 255.49958135365668; Min. 4.0; Mean 429.45728643216705; Max. 894.0; Valid 3781.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5V75tnEbk6zSiyHid9r8Eg==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 2001.0; StDev 5.477950027878724; Mean 2010.0; Max. 2019.0; Valid 3781.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3eKyh1H+TFo5RhpHMKO3ag==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 179243.47861978304; Mean 76811.29262004535; Min. 0.0; Valid 3103.0; Max. 2500000.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:SCpfvKnL1ACMPIDy5D1xZg==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Valid 3103.0; Mean 76812.29262004535; StDev 179243.47861978304; Max. 2500001.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:tTfpKkdGELH/tNSO96g6sA==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3103.0; Max. 14.731801986694336; StDev 4.14975077952506; Min. 0.0; Mean 7.909111684497396;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GRi+jeeNuKlFoYMbboUiFw==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3006.0; Min. 0.005; Mean 0.42031603459747174; Max. 0.892; StDev 0.2694369625615361

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:UAQfHEP40cZzXlsIRtXsSQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3767.0; StDev 0.1798281365957186; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.033448367401115044

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:gZmwRLMGAWz1buLQc46RyQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3348.0; Mean 7.0332524695497005; StDev 11.36830737152612; Max. 81.94995880126953; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:7FKussERHfTGJfytYloHrQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 21800.725420287803; Min. 111.9272232055664; Mean 14224.071949360754; Valid 3379.0; Max. 180366.71875

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:0hCUEK/i32V+/Grr9S7ppw==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.231255542767729; StDev 5.1033110068205705; Min. -62.378047943115234; Valid 3369.0; Max. 121.77947235107422;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:pEtYtPqxVJP8aKSUBt7sLw==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3466.0; Max. 1.366417756E9; Mean 2.8797800219273068E7; Min. 9593.0; StDev 9.725947112768579E7

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:9BVoFyEokB23vXcaprln/g==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 2.20474193299021; Min. 9.16878890991211; Max. 21.035457611083984; Mean 15.427101921911397; Valid 3466.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:qX/LAPuq4+6ueVoWPP/VsA==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 2.0786988701846145E7; Min. 0.001; Mean 6231642.208808969; Max. 2.04483616E8; Valid 3193.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:fNuefo2NMu5qX9bm+c8cgg==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 11.550683535755356; StDev 4.263134142938349; Valid 3193.0; Max. 19.135997772216797; Min. -6.907755374908447;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:FQZy+EcRMVP+qOPe0N60xA==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -3.314937114715576; StDev 0.9995470245052874; Mean -0.05022473021612216; Max. 1.7551929950714111; Valid 3509.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Z8wfVCkduLOJODh99sxrfQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3781.0; StDev 4.4685785349602616E8; Min. 0.0; Mean 1.3458798326844722E8; Max. 7.144039936E9

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:dGCXrpEGaPNbIshtyeOnlg==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 4.468578532904896E8; Valid 3781.0; Max. 7.144039936E9; Min. 1.0; Mean 1.3458798395371586E8

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:OBhly1its/+8syY2dBhRhA==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 8.965436778012323; Valid 3781.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 22.689544677734375; Mean 6.637206964409565;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2qFi3CWnHMP9DMZ7Y6Z+VQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3120.0; Max. 3.6037021696E10; Mean 2.5991755998160586E8; Min. 0.0; StDev 1.430313231110828E9

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kXS+nha7r+voou1/uR4ctg==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 3.6037021696E10; Mean 2.5991756091568688E8; Valid 3120.0; Min. 1.0; StDev 1.4303132360047314E9;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:YMd8C1NiLliE/zsbBCCZkA==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 24.307811737060547; Min. 0.0; Mean 8.454765179065555; StDev 8.904930664117543; Valid 3120.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:IBJdE8ljnaJ3VIY1a4mIkA==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.119E-4; Valid 3324.0; Max. 3.842896; StDev 0.7031085766112819; Mean 0.7600522380866426

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oown3RsM1F8kRr6pmRNVQw==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 8983.4699180148; Min. 809.5380249023438; Max. 19297.466796875; Valid 3722.0; StDev 3852.2901838956336

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GQ44E/pruFKiCGYJ6Cyh9Q==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 4.361211903179377; Mean 8.49125743085171; Valid 3103.0; Max. 15.424948692321777

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:X5bMcv7OuIBVV9VPBRn5eA==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3492.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 108972.58990111235; Max. 1100000.0; Mean 46967.67325315007;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4Bgm81uVie5hMFuwXavENQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 7.633351044249285; StDev 3.873243413962109; Valid 3492.0; Max. 13.910821914672852

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5yIt2RL4Bem9QITx3EnFtQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 14.603967666625977; StDev 4.074621799950942; Mean 8.224070175014273; Min. 0.0; Valid 3492.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:SGkJH8Rd4d/dm4cjea7y4A==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.5360572188955423; Max. 0.919; Valid 3006.0; Min. 0.015; StDev 0.2612551058554785

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ose+RhiHZTAeYeIv7EkcyQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3732.0; Mean 0.09699892818863887; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.295995966923859

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:JxafUoY21z1+yKONPkHYGQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.48244019112393527; Valid 3781.0; Mean 0.36842105263157904; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uMvOVGs2kzhjSMw0TsK8yw==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.0468130124305742; Valid 3781.0; StDev 0.21126608564022384; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4OL1hZc0+iWhJsdO0ECmQQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3781.0; StDev 0.20013058824323798; Mean 0.04178788680243312; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zhqvSKLDmuuq56trU16miw==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 3252.0; StDev 9.89452662930846; Mean 3.8551472713317603; Max. 66.71276092529297

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:b31VlL9AMn98g5QL22b+2g==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.9998803755505035; Valid 3438.0; Min. -2.445875883102417; Mean -0.024698643378658153; Max. 2.4369750022888184;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rTa/Faloj6ANK+XUOCYBxQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 19297.466796875; StDev 3840.124664442386; Mean 8972.606752931666; Valid 3722.0; Min. 809.5380249023438

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:LQYx/Tbg6PLfLSHiXKiMDQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 25.0; Valid 3179.0; StDev 15.12383347525063; Mean 59.14186851211074; Max. 91.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:EFwiV8pfKjiVcQ6bQTj0IA==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3781.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.13171118751653024; StDev 0.338221237438113

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:6K6v+GojDa0we2yRxXBLGg==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.22941462514127534; Mean 0.05572021339656205; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 3374.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RltsXcZj0eEeyT1MuZhE1w==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.18328484527902694; StDev 0.3869510456102298; Valid 3781.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:dJe2cJU3pZpQIcIIIASY3A==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3168.0; Min. 0.10999999940395355; Max. 37.25; Mean 7.740047356299583; StDev 5.860727309011363

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:yV4CcQNSZC7LOxtPNbq0DQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -1.8687139749526978; Max. 2.4699909687042236; Valid 3438.0; StDev 1.0045417490630724; Mean -0.028280234118715372

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:D4ffjSxgYK8fPpczIpFGdw==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3572.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 72.45744680851072; StDev 53.00223370150973; Max. 204.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:A9DEM7jk6RiRQzEFjrDMXQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.2598148691882163; Mean 0.3551835646222673; Min. 0.0; Valid 3572.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eH2Ad7rcIF99QtoIdzJHQA==

f10975492 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:TPNPKHdGp1RQ82ZM1ZX85A==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.49055531842579675; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.597113272670222; Min. 0.0; Valid 3187.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jImDuuAkB3iIQEOxa6XdHw==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.001255098839033593; StDev 0.12015236665587707; Max. 1.0; Min. -1.0; Valid 3187.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5YRojjtdXibk1bbws8ZxJA==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.7913854763462231; Valid 3187.0; Max. 4.0; Mean 0.4402259177910267;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2MfF3jw3o/lhcz7LptMCpQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Mean 42.58142453718238; Valid 3187.0; Max. 220.0; StDev 40.94852164716938;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xpSJaG3mxQMhhiGJaF8A/Q==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3168.0; StDev 0.4898329984264027; Mean 0.6006944444444454; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eqPz87nwjtEjeH5gqIlZSQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.597113272670222; Valid 3187.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.49055531842579675

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jImDuuAkB3iIQEOxa6XdHw==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.34757692307692306; StDev 0.20591523105684792; Max. 0.804; Valid 3172.0; Min. 0.008;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:sKaM9jGQAuv/fW7FW2MdBQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 3173.0; Min. 0.012; Max. 0.989; StDev 0.2808991187967119; Mean 0.6856331547431452

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:EiMKI6wA52aYUq8wObCorw==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.620984867591425; Valid 3172.0; Max. 0.987; StDev 0.2683845039599519; Min. 0.008;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:p0fzLa3RBCePPy5HN0g4pw==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.018; Max. 0.881; Mean 0.49569167717528373; Valid 3172.0; StDev 0.1811086713086141;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:I4Q1UVzI+NSsQnijcviM6A==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.6790044122281752; StDev 0.23773484966389039; Min. 0.031; Max. 0.99; Valid 3173.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:TdnzNaW/5s2AU8N/CRZcyQ==

f10975492 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4780682030387783; Valid 3173.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.35329341317365087

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:e4rN7YgBJVtCG5jJoRiLTA==

f10975489 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 240.0; StDev 68.41491030881785; Valid 96199.0; Mean 130.37955696011875; Min. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Qy8UbYCMNL5Fp4ni2RQf8g==

f10975489 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2.0037508342789244E7; Min. -2.0037508342789244E7; Valid 94676.0; StDev 9521980.216589062; Mean 1224545.7592695248;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oIPb3j1nZE80Fs1zK4l93w==

f10975489 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.8351858890998084E7; Valid 94676.0; Mean 4282387.4582849275; StDev 4976196.711699078; Min. -8034988.163354613

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:S+w3rMEQd7Fm3lMoh4N+9Q==

f10975490 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:vznv5q+TH94+Hjd1p3ie8Q==

f10975490 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 183.0; Max. 210.0; Min. 3.0; Mean 98.01639344262294; StDev 56.61160089727234

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:b1yu0OotK3IYT35lg4dBqw==

f10975490 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 265.97918314128947; Min. 2.0; Mean 478.7783251231527; Max. 990.0; Valid 203.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oKdDimFLADI6rNUlQi+nIg==

f10975490 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 3115.897111719667; Max. 9039.0; Min. 4.0; Mean 1740.8132780082988; Valid 241.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:7WSqcJEYH1tbmz7OZrWsNA==

f10975490 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:s+TFvaKagOhSlzkIqhDRPQ==

f10975490 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:6JV2ce3UDvosPAzp6gDpOw==

f10975490 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:kpiR5K5+8lv1IgtWc93m9w==

f10975490 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 240.0; Min. 1.0; Valid 240.0; StDev 69.42621983083913; Mean 120.5

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RPtPIabMNibXCRQl7kyOPg==

Label:

blowback main manuscript output.smcl

application/x-stata-smcl

Label:

blowback suppl material output.smcl

application/x-stata-smcl

Label:

Replication code final.do

application/x-stata-syntax