Replication Data for: Socialization, Self-Selection, and the Life Experiences of World Leaders: Why Business Experience Influences Defense Spending (doi:10.7910/DVN/IGOI1N)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
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Document Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: Socialization, Self-Selection, and the Life Experiences of World Leaders: Why Business Experience Influences Defense Spending

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/IGOI1N

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Date of Distribution:

2025-03-06

Version:

1

Bibliographic Citation:

Matthew Fuhrmann; James D. Kim, 2025, "Replication Data for: Socialization, Self-Selection, and the Life Experiences of World Leaders: Why Business Experience Influences Defense Spending", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/IGOI1N, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:SDvwXyeosgm6GgNBsoz01A== [fileUNF]

Study Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: Socialization, Self-Selection, and the Life Experiences of World Leaders: Why Business Experience Influences Defense Spending

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/IGOI1N

Authoring Entity:

Matthew Fuhrmann (Texas A&M University)

James D. Kim (University of Washington)

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Access Authority:

Matthew Fuhrmann

Depositor:

Matthew Fuhrmann

Date of Deposit:

2024-12-09

Holdings Information:

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/IGOI1N

Study Scope

Keywords:

Social Sciences, NATO, defense spending, free-riding, business experience, socialization

Abstract:

Studies suggest that the life experiences of politicians influence their behavior in office. Yet the underlying reasons for behavioral differences we observe are often unclear. One possible explanation is socialization, meaning that individuals change their beliefs or behavior as a result of their pre-office experiences. Another possibility is self-selection, implying that individuals choose experiences based on their existing beliefs. We design a study that allows us to empirically isolate these two mechanisms in one particular context: business experience among heads of government. Leveraging variation in the timing of business experience, we compare leaders who worked in the business world before assuming public office with those who entered the business world only after assuming office. An analysis of defense expenditures in 17 NATO countries from 1952 to 2010 indicates that a socialization effect, rather than a selection effect, best explains why former business leaders spend less on national defense.

Methodology and Processing

Sources Statement

Data Access

Other Study Description Materials

File Description--f10763688

File: BEM-JOP-final.tab

  • Number of cases: 1188

  • No. of variables per record: 139

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:OpJXDCi26IF3SgDbsJ/Z/g==

Dataset for Analysis

File Description--f10763692

File: Business Coding - merge.tab

  • Number of cases: 204

  • No. of variables per record: 24

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:TdJhSqN7zxH88ojr8LqrTg==

Post-Office Business Experience for Merging

File Description--f10763690

File: Business Coding - Post-Office.tab

  • Number of cases: 208

  • No. of variables per record: 24

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:QRZU1TCFTijD1Mn+P26SRw==

Coding of Post-Office Business Experience

File Description--f10763693

File: defense_spending.tab

  • Number of cases: 1188

  • No. of variables per record: 38

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:uCrCvdDGwKYbKr1Wn6Djfw==

Defense Spending Data

File Description--f10763695

File: LEAD-leadername.tab

  • Number of cases: 1911

  • No. of variables per record: 74

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:+stm76cjHKWwQ3fEjKFrRg==

LEAD dataset

File Description--f10763696

File: LEAD-updated.tab

  • Number of cases: 1188

  • No. of variables per record: 8

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:KTYWfSSn8EIDiy+wZ+MAyg==

Updated LEAD dataset.

File Description--f10763687

File: ted_merge.tab

  • Number of cases: 11146

  • No. of variables per record: 6

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:LDSblSOKeh1pQvMYonkrfA==

The Technocratic and Education Dataset

Variable Description

List of Variables:

Variables

\textsc{COW numeric country code}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 640.0; Valid 1188.0; Mean 266.7222222222247; StDev 136.09070248759255; Min. 2.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:q1dMZYnjEvj5o4u20Spokg==

\textsc{year}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1188.0; StDev 19.05839472346902; Mean 1981.5; Min. 1949.0; Max. 2014.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3q7pAt/wS9COS3n8/l1G/g==

\textsc{leader name}

f10763688 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:PC80GGa45wyvYcXGDji6CA==

\textsc{defense spending}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 114784.05578597783; Max. 757992.0; Min. 28.799999237060547; Mean 44703.40889909675; Valid 1090.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ydOP3fZ8lb/SDkVQgnK31A==

\textsc{defense spending per capita}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.7111419885528043; Valid 1051.0; Min. 0.4; Max. 13.3; Mean 2.998382492863939;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:yEuK3wataESfLCzIWzx1IQ==

\textsc{change in defense spending}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1072.0; Mean 2.464602421091719; StDev 10.67033192577462; Max. 113.96221160888672; Min. -35.91240692138672;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:vPZjMwfb98kplA1tzS3Eag==

\textsc{change in defense spending per capita (%)}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -1.7999999523162842; Valid 1031.0; Max. 4.800000190734863; StDev 0.3873669449213186; Mean -0.03908826475086771

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zAPK6VYvBS8GHw32BoT2cg==

\textsc{business experience}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 1013.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.3620693227056817; Mean 0.15498519249753206;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ezVfUldayPwuhg0JyPojGA==

\textsc{economics and finance experience}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1013.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.28529121421520254; StDev 0.4517760724694639

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:x6KOZKMAgxoxtHcJGJb98Q==

\textsc{economic capacity}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1028815.6896983777; Max. 1.6704698E7; Min. 3576.8173828125; Valid 1089.0; StDev 2217173.5287194173

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mAC2oIFzffLSFgkpvvTckA==

\textsc{economic capacity (ln)}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.541159360494599; Max. 16.631200790405273; Valid 1089.0; Mean 12.71457853045783; Min. 8.182229042053223;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3VICqFC4knCfqaspMoLwNA==

\textsc{economic growth}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -16.734695434570312; Mean 3.7594180912975963; Valid 1071.0; StDev 4.006450011296767; Max. 24.56836700439453;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:KYMFqTfe77MxyWIczVUKLw==

\textsc{government ideology}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.8708552896395847; Mean 2.851173256325613; Valid 991.0; Min. 0.06575343012809753; Max. 4.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oXxEGqLKhSdZCCocsFHdSQ==

\textsc{war}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.04966329966329908; Valid 1188.0; StDev 0.21733986701164898; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DGN47LlUNYTcfK0HxwZBwA==

\textsc{law experience}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4709096558777431; Mean 0.33125649013499436; Valid 963.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:JN5HkYGCcu+VXIhOz6H6IA==

\textsc{military career}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.32199416744276865; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.11734164070612697; Valid 963.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:twbcyKThyq5+aGf70IrNCA==

\textsc{nato member}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.8358585858585846; StDev 0.370559839946231; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 1188.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ezeXW2SjQdE/oi6DY7lryA==

\textsc{business experience (borderline cases added)}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1013.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.23790720631786763; StDev 0.4260123530810582;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:drYIfUvOzsN3qK0jp+WIAA==

\textsc{economics and finance experience (borderline cases added)}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.2991115498519251; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.45809495580335663; Valid 1013.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+dmhjFgiERWVmPX5eXWXZw==

\textsc{business experience (excluding state-owned)}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 1013.0; StDev 0.3493784834417387; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.14215202369200416;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:n8lwTIFS6TshYlFrwd/wrA==

\textsc{business experience (excluding lower-level)}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.1480750246791708; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.35534977799551976; Valid 1013.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Okk8JxNfxxv0Va5CDpwD1w==

Output-side real GDP at chained PPPs (in mil. 2011US$)

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 3806.14990234375; Mean 1012155.1191213325; Max. 1.6598099E7; Valid 1089.0; StDev 2197913.7127997144;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:B8+MerUusvFVu8bdU3yA8w==

\textsc{total expenditures (2011 USD)}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.4780318427684354E11; Max. 2.522209E12; StDev 4.21192535258531E11; Valid 852.0; Min. 1.492538586562118E9;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DwW3N/AakRXW4YikOXztNQ==

\textsc{total expenditures (million 2011 USD)}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 852.0; Mean 247802.68427229777; Min. 1492.0; Max. 2522209.0; StDev 421192.5263576025;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:gBYgYz0RezcZgkjDVNx9dw==

\textsc{total expenditures (million 2014 USD)}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2738284.75; Mean 269031.76120897837; StDev 457275.7845061277; Min. 1619.818603515625; Valid 852.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:FBnTc84GJjxiji4y19fvHg==

\textsc{nondefense spending}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1564.7186279296875; StDev 348979.5325966861; Max. 1997401.25; Valid 849.0; Mean 224659.35507392563

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uZQykkKYN8PFKi1o5PhApQ==

\textsc{change in nondefense spending}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 36.448448181152344; Valid 831.0; Mean 3.1811758768918503; StDev 3.4201644676082887; Min. -7.785216808319092;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:1CFbqcQFzs2Nu3hJOlUDTQ==

\textsc{usa defense spending}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1188.0; StDev 123244.59904316526; Min. 130994.0; Max. 757992.0; Mean 473871.27272727276

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:CEXsyiuzvJ2erVyud0MCLg==

\textsc{change in usa defense spending}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 16.132874655551046; Mean 3.269325672433929; Max. 113.96221160888672; Min. -13.718259811401367; Valid 1170.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:hcmlOwdQUkJ0UbLZgmNsNA==

\textsc{difference between country's change in defense spending and usa change i

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 80.5733871459961; Mean -0.28858998326026497; Min. -119.33201599121094; Valid 1071.0; StDev 14.041849072268871

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jEtQszaTeV9GTsMPP+9MvQ==

\textsc{political constraints}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 0.7181119322776794; Valid 1144.0; StDev 0.1816094173245369; Mean 0.3953317521218136; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:MbsQRBvjmmXhkyJU0fE1Ng==

\textsc{polity score}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 5.677750183428305; Mean 7.400699912510926; Min. -9.0; Valid 1143.0; Max. 10.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:QCJyAWiGd/5TIgo3pzn6Uw==

\textsc{political constraints above sample mean}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4976404874331159; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.449300699300699; Valid 1144.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3Y+36e9BPMDzMpROYr5AmQ==

\textsc{political constraints below sample mean}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1144.0; StDev 0.4976404874331159; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.5506993006993011;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ZrtMsDBjwTRAhXFJNMKkbA==

\textsc{government ideology (with imputations)}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1033.0; Mean 2.784272791029811; Min. 0.06575343012809753; Max. 4.0; StDev 0.9170065910975597;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mMA7MxmCkwml25h7vX3OJw==

number of military disputes per year

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.8055555555555618; Min. 0.0; StDev 1.3966023972855; Valid 1116.0; Max. 12.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:7+xXREuRnpk9v2GD6j3ZtA==

\textsc{business, economics or finance experience}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.48489910458287144; Mean 0.37709772951628845; Min. 0.0; Valid 1013.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:srtVP7kX3apdHpu4mDILNg==

\textsc{economics and finance experience (no business}

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.41587172026739283; Mean 0.22211253701875647; Valid 1013.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:TO9pOOYecFVXVCXqxBuq2g==

economist

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.37992230631990576; Mean 0.17472852912142142; Valid 1013.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:A8eRFtY1fKUPL2JD3GnTew==

finance

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.10858835143139176; Min. 0.0; Valid 1013.0; StDev 0.31127571459494113

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:walhHcylGdoF6RKzgVeogg==

leader has post-office business experience

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 1188.0; Mean 0.19276094276094372; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.3946330599256761

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:iwJG1X8vDHtp3w6EzmJmwQ==

post_business with more lenient coding

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.24579124579124398; Valid 1188.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4307366744937893

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:722mbMLIC4wnfkrnPoGd8w==

post_business including consultants

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4107497731845318; Valid 1188.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.21464646464646508; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:e7/hZcDLfIV73Uwn3ZumdA==

No pre- or post-office business experience (Main coding)

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4851484886368215; Min. 0.0; Valid 1013.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.6219151036525163

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kTuIBXYBmKmJXkzUrDWyrw==

only post-office business experience

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1013.0; Mean 0.2230997038499497; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.41653030738028807; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:a7/5lqQ76ItTMN6gHRQLZQ==

No pre- or post-office business experience (lenient)

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 1188.0; Mean 0.47727272727272746; StDev 0.49969355700790696

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:u4oI9dE12iOHxlt5rtwGMA==

only post-office business experience - more lenient coding

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4292350594541848; Valid 1188.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.24326599326599344;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:MyFap9vpJ9mbl5h4utb+jQ==

No pre- or post-office business experience (consultants)

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.5084175084175082; Valid 1188.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.5001396813449164

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+CJsgi26qg2dKjiDWrZRVg==

include consultants as post-office business experience

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.21212121212121243; Valid 1188.0; StDev 0.40898239606495135

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:aIss7d7ud4j8VgwkmS3M3g==

Low-level business experience only

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.2660666430307738; Valid 1188.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.07659932659932636

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:yH8h8jbljQq7lxLExmrD0w==

low-level business experience from LEAD

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4416143979031724; Min. 0.0; Valid 1041.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.26512968299711837;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:8GOsqzLlLJWAZFWooQ1RJg==

no low-level business experience

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.4924242424242426; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.5001531510871382; Valid 1188.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3yhneH6sUhLxtW/23HSA7w==

only low-level post-office business experience

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1188.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.15151515151515238; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.35870129022417685

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wkawnBH6rKENeZfdwz9wTQ==

post-cold war

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1188.0; StDev 0.48882746049096515; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.39393939393939376

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:13MLyF6ivnRocwoeh9bjSg==

same as business but excluding board of directors service

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.12635735439289245; Valid 1013.0; StDev 0.33241578718656056; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:tquF852LuSB155VdfraW+A==

post-office business experience excluding board of directors service

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1188.0; Mean 0.08754208754208748; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.28274682114168864; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:LyoYKIPrGoR0yg2Lq2Dikw==

no business experience with board of directors service excluded

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.47477642041348034; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.6574074074074076; Valid 1188.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:pj4zQvggAO6zOo94bko67Q==

only post-office business experience with board of directors service excluded

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1188.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.08754208754208748; StDev 0.28274682114168864; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:LyoYKIPrGoR0yg2Lq2Dikw==

three-year defense spending trend

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -20.660364151000977; Max. 59.36518096923828; Valid 1018.0; Mean 2.366200438495546; StDev 6.8432248730686975;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:d98wEBg7ahkE0wGHmG80ZA==

five-year defense spending trend

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 982.0; Max. 35.748329162597656; StDev 5.014338306831651; Mean 2.2071844539946515; Min. -15.274120330810547

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:/UeSkgNukSoiTvyWIWQnxA==

leadership turnover

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; StDev 0.0; Mean 1.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 255.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5dhiIbJCdH4FDhefmgS8xw==

new business leader

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.3680542750183346; Mean 0.16078431372549024; Max. 1.0; Valid 255.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:pWzihO7M+ut1eMKTda0nvA==

COW alpha country code

f10763688 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:LN5OmUapGuIW/ElFQa0oeA==

LEAD Leader ID

f10763688 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:29UdH75MldxBILErhr4dQg==

Archigos Leader ID

f10763688 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:bVc2SRPlUMrlLFoYiE211A==

Archigos Leader Name

f10763688 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:0TDscxzYjPErLVfgFOxOEQ==

Archigos Start Date

f10763688 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:z/j0QnZ25LYyc/Uen951uw==

LEAD Start Date

f10763688 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:z/j0QnZ25LYyc/Uen951uw==

Leader Entry Day

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 968.0; StDev 8.28382964110085; Mean 14.19731404958677; Min. 1.0; Max. 31.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:popu12zdD78gNhra5Z0wiw==

Leader Entry Month

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Mean 6.5981404958677645; Valid 968.0; StDev 3.582774579077014; Max. 12.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+of4TYUvsPJXinEz2IZmWw==

Entry Year

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1926.0; StDev 18.90204345310817; Max. 2001.0; Mean 1970.7345041322315; Valid 968.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:U/9S3uZGt+GVjYoPbPN8/Q==

LEAD Yearly Start Date

f10763688 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:SRE4XI03JU9aRjcKf1c0mw==

Archigos Exit Date

f10763688 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:qoUDAnk+l+OXZxv0+/4PQQ==

LEAD Exit Date

f10763688 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:qoUDAnk+l+OXZxv0+/4PQQ==

Leader Exit Day

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 31.0; Mean 14.19731404958677; Min. 1.0; Valid 968.0; StDev 8.28382964110085;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:popu12zdD78gNhra5Z0wiw==

Leader Exit Month

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 3.712372940080222; Max. 12.0; Min. 1.0; Valid 968.0; Mean 7.009297520661152;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rO7aFB7Zq1PRg51neXxVUQ==

LEAD Yearly Exit Date

f10763688 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:RswkVKvheqHWCsftFMs0Rg==

Yearly Days in Office

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 304.08987603305775; StDev 75.32451119213555; Valid 968.0; Min. 50.0; Max. 365.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:YDWCFmzGq5iByjMsmO4TYg==

Office Tenure (days)/1000

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.13756921331069538; Min. 0.0; Valid 968.0; StDev 0.4467696555766871; Max. 3.0139999389648438;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:fL4c2YrEBam617wsM9KRyQ==

Military Service, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.32231404958677595; StDev 0.4676040898326959; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 968.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:0bTQralelahPcs8w7Suuvg==

Military Service, No Combat

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.23936300682873524; Valid 968.0; Mean 0.06095041322314089; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:a993OysyJPtCXpXTswDEAw==

Military Service, Combat, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.2613636363636365; Valid 968.0; StDev 0.4396047392645707; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:f/Z+wba2bsah6+zOHjVujw==

National War Participation = Victory, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.32614204890585224; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.12086776859504189; Valid 968.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:walhwnmMnNfX0d/s6C+SlQ==

National War Participation = Loss, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.12706611570247903; StDev 0.333219182439428; Min. 0.0; Valid 968.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5UI2NQPbBw/Jj0jfANQsQw==

Prior Rebel Participation, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.19731404958677723; StDev 0.398177098262951; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 968.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:WhIUIBobAtCtql5HRLgPBw==

Rebel War Participation = Victory, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.0433884297520664; Valid 968.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.20383521831584414

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:8/5gOIlXhAlM2r4ToYc+Ug==

Rebel War Participation = Loss, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 968.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.003099173553719031; StDev 0.05561262159623031;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:emaBbk4aren0OiMxkpoTrw==

Occupation: Teacher, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.3377916755145168; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 968.0; Mean 0.13119834710743805

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jUYnftvriRcKmPgXkOB1Lw==

Occupation: Journalism, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 968.0; Mean 0.07644628099173562; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.26584818740251515;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:AR+dxS++w5hGiol2j3RPdA==

Occupation: Medicine, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 968.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.03214121732666114; Mean 0.001033057851239667

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:06hS6tgLBf5jPVbH3lj7pg==

Occupation: Religion, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.08477343834175034; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.00723140495867782; Min. 0.0; Valid 968.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:0ZGSgkff0YHDHXlcXxlzdQ==

Occupation: Activist, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.2674887033089575; Mean 0.07747933884297574; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 968.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:dTSiBIqh8weAQBDHuLzOpg==

Occupation: Career Politician, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.20454545454545506; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4035775894846392; Valid 968.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:FsLXR5to9BzcKo8+tKLcsA==

Occupation: Creative, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 968.0; Mean 0.03719008264462821; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.1893251418401031

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uppP5WdNu4ymM89xUI3yQw==

Occupation: Business, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 968.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4005165159333799; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.2004132231404954

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:JOczRFkCjyjCNYajT8YWmQ==

Occupation: Aristocrat/Landowner, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.1733848435265314; Mean 0.03099173553718988; Valid 968.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uMOWPduccJ9WlJ6FJqg9ug==

Occupation: Police, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 968.0; StDev 0.0; Mean 0.0; Max. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:/8YxdOhvp5N3GiTcpO8sTQ==

Occupation: Interpreter, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 0.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.0; Valid 968.0; Mean 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:/8YxdOhvp5N3GiTcpO8sTQ==

Occupation: Blue Collar, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.13533057851239744; StDev 0.3422531556601559; Valid 968.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:seF8JJ3Egpyhf35TpMf5Pg==

Occupation: Science/Engineering, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.17615692744488998; Valid 968.0; Mean 0.032024793388429645; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:EF+qVQWhiNYI5IR5tu5RTw==

Married (Ever), 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 953.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.9485834207764952; StDev 0.22096186697621714

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:H748iM3FjAsWeEeYJMs4xA==

Married in Power, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.916842105263158; StDev 0.27626617469212367; Min. 0.0; Valid 950.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xKAkFAYjKitMyVT189HArg==

Divorced (Ever), 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.10425531914893588; Min. 0.0; Valid 940.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.3057541501671124;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eep4AtJMoya8/4vgi6mG8Q==

Number Of Spouses (Count)

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.947534102833158; Valid 953.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.2887540336610462; Max. 2.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:UpDhUzvf/X4MzhfcGHhgZA==

Total number of children

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.623569448800657; Min. 0.0; Valid 891.0; Max. 11.0; Mean 2.4713804713804692;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:f65Okj94v5TopNWI781S5A==

Parental Status, 0 = Together, 1 = Divorced

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 968.0; Mean 0.05061983471074357; StDev 0.21933345510573163; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:WrWoqL1m8q0IDyTU1BEYow==

Orphan, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.020661157024793205; StDev 0.14232075887562154; Min. 0.0; Valid 968.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:7YHVRFGBKHg2XkjunNKORw==

Considered "Illegitimate" Child, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 968.0; Mean 0.004132231404958647; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.06418264297402708

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Nxadd69tPtOUi0JvwnRNxA==

Royalty, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 968.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.1586992721773892; Mean 0.0258264462809917; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eWYX00Vz9IxrjHS0DVCbHw==

MID Initiation: cc1 initiated a MID vs. cc2 in year (0=no, 1=yes), cow data

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.3366591345233889; Valid 968.0; Mean 0.13016528925619902

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:K72VsiMM8gvlWvvMGfNtpg==

Irregular Entry Into Office: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.06095041322314059; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.239363006828734; Min. 0.0; Valid 968.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:hY9fagmg8I0OML01StWa2w==

Last National Loss = Win: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.47494867888534514; Mean 0.3429752066115705; Min. 0.0; Valid 968.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Wolnr/LVPxFtRjLq/w+3Mw==

Last National Draw = Win: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4497158104508617; Valid 968.0; Mean 0.280991735537191; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:nQ/NbE8Xps9tOebrgTw2Pg==

Last National War = Win: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.2634297520661153; StDev 0.44072119754324945; Valid 968.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ZnRSjcNSAOXPaf06GUK0oA==

years without leader MID initation

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.13223140495867686; Max. 8.0; Valid 968.0; StDev 1.0205106393422174; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wH/8P/UC8+YnW3prjGTsXw==

years without leader MID initation ^2

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 968.0; StDev 8.16408511473774; Max. 64.0; Mean 1.0578512396694149; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:J23yourJ2wSQFdMyDS6R0A==

years without leader MID initation ^3

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 65.31268091790191; Valid 968.0; Mean 8.462809917355319; Max. 512.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:KBVsWdaIR23DJVbZGDyobg==

Years since country MID initiation

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 12.317148760330605; Valid 968.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 73.0; StDev 16.172596587537374;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:MLUM17avrbo2n2uBljTv9w==

Years since country MID initiation ^2

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 968.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 412.99483471074296; StDev 985.9396375790456; Max. 5329.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:OJO+b8YbPvqp08fBvhKWDw==

Years since country MID initiation ^3

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 19954.12293388422; Valid 968.0; Max. 389017.0; StDev 65165.98447979332; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:llQ79gPKj12HD820BZ1etg==

Country faced MID initiation in prior five years: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.49499878989220464; Mean 0.5723140495867759; Valid 968.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:EnyukQfncLnu6yboGWlW1w==

Democracy: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.7293388429752057; Valid 968.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.44453102864552585

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:NzHSU8PtRIReFy0fFBQ1wQ==

Autocracy: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.1332644628099165; Valid 968.0; StDev 0.34003601655078697

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:1By9IIleyzDVJ293FTiiKA==

Tau B With System Leader

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.2875520153245911; Mean 0.40431337367432874; Min. -0.3050599992275238; Max. 1.0; Valid 960.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:OQUDW4Zo8iwoeu9tHYdW6Q==

Concentration of Power (System Level)

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 0.41924598813056946; StDev 0.05125994780139252; Mean 0.2835859542574026; Min. 0.2203419953584671; Valid 968.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:93iMKXqgy5NoJMa3rIQdyw==

National Material Capabilities (COW)

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 6.200000061653554E-4; Mean 0.023271436650428017; Max. 0.38386350870132446; Valid 968.0; StDev 0.04987167190137373

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:t/wMdd6v/8lB8Plohfc0Tg==

Conflict Initiation Where Both Sides Use Force

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.1491097331260634; Mean 0.022727272727272662; Valid 968.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:XvMaSETirrpNezVfkZlHsg==

years without country force initation

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 118.0; Valid 968.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 28.749464826368676; Mean 34.58987603305784

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:c8CoTJuJsnL/jbca07E95g==

years without country force initation ^2

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 2767.437269583892; Max. 13924.0; Mean 2022.1373966942122; Valid 968.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DVLFLY8aqe6p3fqS4ga4Kg==

years without country force initation ^3

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1643032.0; Mean 145046.86053718923; Valid 968.0; StDev 273654.305545418

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:CuXix4166ujdNz7S5JdKmg==

Leader name

f10763688 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:WKXb+8vaspKuf5kQT7Zs/A==

Technocratic field

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 1097.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4603910915180986; Mean 0.3044667274384684;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:6mZgJM9WWRyVRqYRhmlTig==

Businessman/woman

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.12123974475843195; Max. 1.0; Valid 1097.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.3265545554558765

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Ms7pCs2oyNoYTqG1N+0WGw==

Finance minister or central banker

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1097.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.47720148474701835; Mean 0.3500455788514124

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:K0BdejmaB6rCgjvRLZ0CwQ==

outyear

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2024.0; Mean 1984.894644424934; StDev 20.303915777435105; Valid 1139.0; Min. 1937.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kvPDUdqPoEo6+Kk17iBtgg==

age

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 8.877825339113523; Max. 93.0; Mean 57.350524475524466; Min. 36.0; Valid 1144.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:UWpefzx46rki/PHfrCQl+w==

gender

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1144.0; Mean 0.9659090909090908; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.1815420833753675; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:0/s3xPUl9yVi/T1hVgq8Rw==

leveledu

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 3.0; Valid 1144.0; StDev 0.7164944245501909; Mean 2.3575174825174834;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+a1NTUztvDMnWzdmdOlkOQ==

edu_dummy

f10763688 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 968.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.3519072955914517; Mean 0.8553719008264458; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wxooevoI5LoiKolkMqon3w==

ccode

f10763692 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 2.0; Valid 204.0; Max. 640.0; Mean 281.6617647058823; StDev 147.10935012905418

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5YnFJZtLlTaXrWKSHedhfQ==

leadername

f10763692 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:6VZ/nrkQ9G8RaFJftm7QaA==

economist

f10763692 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.16666666666666663; StDev 0.3735947946740609; Valid 204.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+fs2pwIgwxlOgYosorlLrw==

finance

f10763692 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.2913396284370632; Min. 0.0; Valid 204.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.09313725490196072

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Uw3IG5k33qV8I646EzKOZw==

business

f10763692 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 204.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.19117647058823523; StDev 0.3941950559098105;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:q+IeRomySH158MGCCpOhsg==

econ_finance

f10763692 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.25980392156862747; Valid 204.0; StDev 0.4396056907437615; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:/OXbcUXCvtvufe1oKheAKQ==

nothing

f10763692 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.6176470588235294; Valid 204.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4871575876582264

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:yQ8O+GQry8wtm0Fd+tAdBA==

Lentz

f10763692 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:i/xRYBKm/Q7DQzdK3RiK6g==

Other sources

f10763692 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Q5Hr1wi1K5Rp/agMKZGukw==

post_business_2

f10763692 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 44.0; StDev 0.4380187953915666; Mean 0.75; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:abOXSGXs4I6mVCLUlT4IjA==

post_business

f10763692 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.17156862745098037; StDev 0.3779325274001593; Min. 0.0; Valid 204.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mvh3wyX4qHub7/caulUNDQ==

lenient_post_business_1

f10763692 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.1507556722888818; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 44.0; Mean 0.9772727272727273;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oZ+XmcYYIODNDmbg7tQb5g==

lenient_post_business

f10763692 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.21568627450980385; StDev 0.41230939122993165; Valid 204.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Y7YNe3gxPFRmAHkOR8dkfA==

post_business_consultant

f10763692 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.39028579037006034; Min. 0.0; Valid 204.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.1862745098039215

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:S9ymEL2B8o0dnSmPCVWYGw==

post office job

f10763692 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:B3Jv8j1jM9c0UR6duCMMMg==

Sources

f10763692 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:RvkWO6+r/bW+YsEntkuiQg==

Note

f10763692 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:yIOsEBt0nRuM2WmJrvcwyw==

Other jobs

f10763692 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:vkeT5k4GhWghj/Fw/iuE5Q==

source1

f10763692 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:mKRfVz7pqdoOdjhbEB5/EA==

source2

f10763692 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:ADSKWp6D2bPfeBBfmQYviw==

source3

f10763692 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:t7CStA+Ck5s12csMAHhniQ==

source4

f10763692 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:1PqpUV/B2Y1abCiDZXyD8Q==

source5

f10763692 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:8W11OuPhMQGYwgudYVNrug==

source6

f10763692 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:ZtZhw429HieYURPP8DiVhA==

ccode

f10763690 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 205.0; Mean 281.53170731707286; StDev 146.7601592151463; Min. 2.0; Max. 640.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:sN6TdK+QSPPjzAP5+SZBBg==

leadername

f10763690 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:57rLtouccA8L92rO1PSzpQ==

economist

f10763690 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.3771954702329117; Mean 0.17073170731707307; Valid 205.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:YzP7o4lmPKZHUtOdNed6iw==

finance

f10763690 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.09268292682926826; Valid 205.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.2906974742250153; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4BJyBUDHWoxJGYcZmwDT4g==

business

f10763690 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.39345433377840633; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.1902439024390243; Valid 205.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jwpeBmBX7KomzLMq/CDqVA==

econ_finance

f10763690 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 205.0; StDev 0.4415636751325413; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.26341463414634136

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Tl+8RxE/+xF/0mAbgSuDpA==

nothing

f10763690 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.6146341463414634; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.48787302249992703; Valid 205.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Ssa6AxU3ryaXJIdbkf6Tyg==

Lentz

f10763690 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:OD9C17sDMGGAxNgdtX1MaQ==

Other sources

f10763690 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:oWd6defT51uSPZrOwvIPxA==

post_business_2

f10763690 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.75; Min. 0.0; Valid 44.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4380187953915666

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4NA68tw2f3u/+U9GlSHZPg==

post_business

f10763690 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4080324573583921; Mean 0.7954545454545454; Min. 0.0; Valid 44.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:6OHJJesX0Ck+oYfusB/htA==

lenient_post_business_1

f10763690 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 44.0; StDev 0.1507556722888818; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.9772727272727273

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:G/JFBbV54exbzKPXpDSsbw==

lenient_post_business

f10763690 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 44.0; Mean 1.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 1.0; StDev 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uVCfpJo99TBknRPe9dEcgA==

post_business_consultant

f10763690 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 44.0; Mean 0.8636363636363636; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.34714175717877416; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:26q/Lqcv4OyGOS4MQzUbvQ==

post office job

f10763690 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:kzu9rBI6TKLLpTWUM0JgkQ==

Sources

f10763690 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:F1VDvCtJqVN+oYLsp7jExg==

Note

f10763690 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:LiylN6tBiTT5A82388Fvuw==

Other jobs

f10763690 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:E890MyosnUd40vS0YsPw1w==

source1

f10763690 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Sibx8qzQflEcwAxD/HvqWw==

source2

f10763690 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:YEcMa5llPoO79JGCQiQ44g==

source3

f10763690 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:iHhgDDuonSGUkI1EyKyTVw==

source4

f10763690 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:alUVCSxBOV/W2nqhRe+8cg==

source5

f10763690 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:NUrlYJHUAENDRjBq/5HbAw==

source6

f10763690 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Mv2oYd/1CBX3NqKdO6m3Yw==

\textsc{COW numeric country code}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1188.0; StDev 136.09070248759255; Mean 266.7222222222247; Min. 2.0; Max. 640.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:q1dMZYnjEvj5o4u20Spokg==

\textsc{year}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1188.0; Max. 2014.0; Mean 1981.5; Min. 1949.0; StDev 19.05839472346902

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3q7pAt/wS9COS3n8/l1G/g==

\textsc{leader name}

f10763693 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:PC80GGa45wyvYcXGDji6CA==

\textsc{defense spending}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 114784.05578597783; Valid 1090.0; Min. 28.799999237060547; Mean 44703.40889909675; Max. 757992.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ydOP3fZ8lb/SDkVQgnK31A==

\textsc{defense spending per capita}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1051.0; Max. 13.3; Min. 0.4; StDev 1.7111419885528043; Mean 2.998382492863939

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:yEuK3wataESfLCzIWzx1IQ==

\textsc{change in defense spending}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 113.96221160888672; StDev 10.67033192577462; Mean 2.464602421091719; Min. -35.91240692138672; Valid 1072.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:vPZjMwfb98kplA1tzS3Eag==

\textsc{change in defense spending per capita (%)}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 4.800000190734863; Valid 1031.0; Mean -0.03908826475086771; StDev 0.3873669449213186; Min. -1.7999999523162842

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zAPK6VYvBS8GHw32BoT2cg==

\textsc{business experience}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.3620693227056817; Max. 1.0; Valid 1013.0; Mean 0.15498519249753206

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ezVfUldayPwuhg0JyPojGA==

\textsc{economics and finance experience}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1013.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4517760724694639; Mean 0.28529121421520254; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:x6KOZKMAgxoxtHcJGJb98Q==

\textsc{economic capacity}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1028815.6896983777; Min. 3576.8173828125; StDev 2217173.5287194173; Max. 1.6704698E7; Valid 1089.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mAC2oIFzffLSFgkpvvTckA==

\textsc{economic capacity (ln)}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 16.631200790405273; Min. 8.182229042053223; StDev 1.541159360494599; Mean 12.71457853045783; Valid 1089.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3VICqFC4knCfqaspMoLwNA==

\textsc{economic growth}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -16.734695434570312; Valid 1071.0; Mean 3.7594180912975963; Max. 24.56836700439453; StDev 4.006450011296767

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:KYMFqTfe77MxyWIczVUKLw==

\textsc{government ideology}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.851173256325613; Max. 4.0; Min. 0.06575343012809753; StDev 0.8708552896395847; Valid 991.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oXxEGqLKhSdZCCocsFHdSQ==

\textsc{war}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.04966329966329908; Valid 1188.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.21733986701164898

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DGN47LlUNYTcfK0HxwZBwA==

\textsc{law experience}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.33125649013499436; Valid 963.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4709096558777431;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:JN5HkYGCcu+VXIhOz6H6IA==

\textsc{military career}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 963.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.11734164070612697; StDev 0.32199416744276865;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:twbcyKThyq5+aGf70IrNCA==

\textsc{nato member}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.370559839946231; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.8358585858585846; Valid 1188.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ezeXW2SjQdE/oi6DY7lryA==

\textsc{business experience (borderline cases added)}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4260123530810582; Mean 0.23790720631786763; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 1013.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:drYIfUvOzsN3qK0jp+WIAA==

\textsc{economics and finance experience (borderline cases added)}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1013.0; StDev 0.45809495580335663; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.2991115498519251;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+dmhjFgiERWVmPX5eXWXZw==

\textsc{business experience (excluding state-owned)}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.14215202369200416; Valid 1013.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.3493784834417387

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:n8lwTIFS6TshYlFrwd/wrA==

\textsc{business experience (excluding lower-level)}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.35534977799551976; Mean 0.1480750246791708; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 1013.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Okk8JxNfxxv0Va5CDpwD1w==

Output-side real GDP at chained PPPs (in mil. 2011US$)

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1089.0; StDev 2197913.7127997144; Mean 1012155.1191213325; Min. 3806.14990234375; Max. 1.6598099E7

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:B8+MerUusvFVu8bdU3yA8w==

\textsc{total expenditures (2011 USD)}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 852.0; StDev 4.21192535258531E11; Mean 2.4780318427684354E11; Max. 2.522209E12; Min. 1.492538586562118E9

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DwW3N/AakRXW4YikOXztNQ==

\textsc{total expenditures (million 2011 USD)}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1492.0; Mean 247802.68427229777; StDev 421192.5263576025; Valid 852.0; Max. 2522209.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:gBYgYz0RezcZgkjDVNx9dw==

\textsc{total expenditures (million 2014 USD)}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 269031.76120897837; Valid 852.0; StDev 457275.7845061277; Min. 1619.818603515625; Max. 2738284.75

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:FBnTc84GJjxiji4y19fvHg==

\textsc{nondefense spending}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 849.0; Mean 224659.35507392563; Max. 1997401.25; Min. 1564.7186279296875; StDev 348979.5325966861

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uZQykkKYN8PFKi1o5PhApQ==

\textsc{change in nondefense spending}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -7.785216808319092; Valid 831.0; StDev 3.4201644676082887; Max. 36.448448181152344; Mean 3.1811758768918503;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:1CFbqcQFzs2Nu3hJOlUDTQ==

\textsc{usa defense spending}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 757992.0; StDev 123244.59904316526; Min. 130994.0; Mean 473871.27272727276; Valid 1188.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:CEXsyiuzvJ2erVyud0MCLg==

\textsc{change in usa defense spending}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 16.132874655551046; Max. 113.96221160888672; Mean 3.269325672433929; Min. -13.718259811401367; Valid 1170.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:hcmlOwdQUkJ0UbLZgmNsNA==

\textsc{difference between country's change in defense spending and usa change i

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -0.28858998326026497; Min. -119.33201599121094; Valid 1071.0; Max. 80.5733871459961; StDev 14.041849072268871

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jEtQszaTeV9GTsMPP+9MvQ==

\textsc{political constraints}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.3953317521218136; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.1816094173245369; Max. 0.7181119322776794; Valid 1144.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:MbsQRBvjmmXhkyJU0fE1Ng==

\textsc{polity score}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -9.0; Valid 1143.0; StDev 5.677750183428305; Mean 7.400699912510926; Max. 10.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:QCJyAWiGd/5TIgo3pzn6Uw==

\textsc{political constraints above sample mean}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.449300699300699; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4976404874331159; Min. 0.0; Valid 1144.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3Y+36e9BPMDzMpROYr5AmQ==

\textsc{political constraints below sample mean}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.5506993006993011; StDev 0.4976404874331159; Min. 0.0; Valid 1144.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ZrtMsDBjwTRAhXFJNMKkbA==

\textsc{government ideology (with imputations)}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 4.0; Mean 2.784272791029811; StDev 0.9170065910975597; Valid 1033.0; Min. 0.06575343012809753;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mMA7MxmCkwml25h7vX3OJw==

mids_per_yr

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.8055555555555618; Valid 1116.0; StDev 1.3966023972855; Max. 12.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:7+xXREuRnpk9v2GD6j3ZtA==

\textsc{business, economics or finance experience}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.48489910458287144; Mean 0.37709772951628845; Valid 1013.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:srtVP7kX3apdHpu4mDILNg==

\textsc{economics and finance experience (no business}

f10763693 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.41587172026739283; Min. 0.0; Valid 1013.0; Mean 0.22211253701875647

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:TO9pOOYecFVXVCXqxBuq2g==

COW Country Code

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 950.0; Min. 2.0; Mean 355.63631606488775; Valid 1911.0; StDev 248.78188920765598;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+ZQRiSkUZ0TEEU21lOwy+g==

COW alpha country code

f10763695 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:wMRlRXJ50KBE3Z6CfhqFAQ==

Year

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1875.0; Mean 1950.9931972789116; Max. 2001.0; StDev 35.3125084372107; Valid 1911.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ZhcNED2ryq/vBQJmy/BUKw==

LEAD Leader ID

f10763695 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:iI62ZQ/D8HUzdIYr3VHRwg==

Archigos Leader ID

f10763695 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:3rK3qZaYqULblgMnYand7w==

Leader Name

f10763695 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:D3ZbYOuC9gcGTmD+hPiiGw==

Archigos Leader Name

f10763695 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:6OeulSWwt9og0OcwaFse3w==

Archigos Start Date

f10763695 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:wqLYgu5oIS++EpocmTcKcg==

LEAD Start Date

f10763695 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:yhxOBUmFGiX0wUYLyqfrSA==

Leader Entry Day

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 31.0; Mean 13.926739926739932; StDev 9.283937138436556; Valid 1911.0; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:MBY1lT/p4yx6RRC/o0LEpA==

Leader Entry Month

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 6.374672946101517; Min. 1.0; Valid 1911.0; StDev 3.5937506964691366; Max. 12.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:tzCyNAIEBTIodTJLjymkUQ==

Entry Year

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2001.0; Min. 1840.0; StDev 35.70126909295567; Valid 1911.0; Mean 1950.3369963369964

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:e8hjXkKa/j/dh/ngLQn8FQ==

LEAD Yearly Start Date

f10763695 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:9sk5MHMcvkwKnM49Zm+BCg==

Archigos Exit Date

f10763695 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:aAwhfZpTCydrFsbvS8AB5Q==

LEAD Exit Date

f10763695 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:+L68hbH0Jm2qa0Tz5Yg0CQ==

Leader Exit Day

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 31.0; Mean 13.926739926739932; Min. 1.0; Valid 1911.0; StDev 9.283937138436556

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:MBY1lT/p4yx6RRC/o0LEpA==

Leader Exit Month

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1899.0; Max. 12.0; StDev 3.6527539111263807; Min. 1.0; Mean 7.281727224855185

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rAbYmoS9XkxEQVWPU+e+Gg==

LEAD Yearly Exit Date

f10763695 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:pOzYeL9Pj8q7q0IVY3hqjA==

Yearly Days in Office

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 93.82098547595066; Max. 729.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 1911.0; Mean 279.01308215593934

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kyKsOoO/2nZLkp4PxcriJg==

Office Tenure (days)/1000

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.7693011051093405; Max. 12.579999923706055; Min. 0.0; Valid 1911.0; Mean 0.1497933020086545

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rDW5ZTdQuendJgNx2byBxA==

Military Service, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1900.0; StDev 0.46495189114492297; Mean 0.3157894736842106; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:XChnEZI6oxr3kcYqfbBcqA==

Military Service, No Combat

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.28782788128713294; Valid 1899.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.09110057925223793

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ihhMgYXr4vuDykTHQ4J40w==

Military Service, Combat, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4176750222206806; Valid 1898.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.22497365648050577

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oJy3fO9kl9vWpIhmlgtdQA==

National War Participation = Victory, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.2640126945771185; Mean 0.07534246575342464; Min. 0.0; Valid 1898.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:NOOm8vUXp3LefScKh4sglQ==

National War Participation = Loss, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 1896.0; Mean 0.06856540084388173; StDev 0.25278031582533445

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:XsQUyFHG1klPEYG2Zn4wag==

Prior Rebel Participation, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1898.0; Mean 0.27186512118018985; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4450380078128287;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4F0qUeq1jY4vddN7gStmbg==

Rebel War Participation = Victory, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1896.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.04957805907172993; StDev 0.21712885714573774; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rXsDUihnINMa2gQMJgo5rg==

Rebel War Participation = Loss, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1896.0; StDev 0.14721624511204112; Mean 0.02215189873417723; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:WRx/WMwF5lRlXuY9V03lmA==

Occupation: Teacher, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.3349867622977156; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.1287284144427002; Valid 1911.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:N+Lwnu/YB9DVT+dS5lEmtA==

Occupation: Journalism, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 1911.0; StDev 0.22895203530084404; Mean 0.05546834118262676; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oI3ze5y/dL5hH5xTOIFppw==

Occupation: Law, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.44858132163826836; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.27891156462585026; Min. 0.0; Valid 1911.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:p+h/k2/t7+/U8Ir8oDZy2w==

Occupation: Medicine, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 1911.0; Mean 0.030873888016745173; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.1730212597883538;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:LstpzVk2cjMp56kz6f+Q/g==

Occupation: Religion, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.012558869701726809; Min. 0.0; Valid 1911.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.11138957419503205

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ltcVwrnCVV4H19CRJNhuJg==

Occupation: Activist, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.32788944214460797; Valid 1911.0; Mean 0.1224489795918366; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ni7bU+cXUsJos/7HIXjpXQ==

Occupation: Career Politician, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1911.0; Mean 0.3045525902668762; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.46033813685516395

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:XAS5gng6EutYLYd+YSv7/A==

Occupation: Creative, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.2309737970734654; Mean 0.056514913657770845; Max. 1.0; Valid 1911.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:8FM7elWIgCaDDgi/g0Hawg==

Occupation: Business, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.3272856106146792; Valid 1911.0; Mean 0.12192569335426424; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Q6SuGRg0DRawQf3ogRaONg==

Occupation: Aristocrat/Landowner, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1911.0; Mean 0.06907378335949764; StDev 0.2536459384504915; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:VFWYOJDTWjbwh9LM7DiOaA==

Occupation: Police, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.010989010989011016; Valid 1911.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.10427819911714842

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:JFxV9j3b2TaclNFtDtftVA==

Occupation: Military Career, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4106154131550627; Valid 1911.0; Mean 0.21454735740450026; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5IBTENNTF9CU6gSq9xRPWw==

Occupation: Interpreter, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.0015698587127158479; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.03960069294347145; Valid 1911.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:gRhDDtSJDl8vS2RKMAvdrA==

Occupation: Blue Collar, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.2786155714229755; Max. 1.0; Valid 1911.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.08477237048665619

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2gm6CopIJr2T2YYNcY9J9Q==

Occupation: Science/Engineering, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.04290947148090008; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.20270606907302724; Valid 1911.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GvYonNl8xPMC/m6U4WzyRg==

Married (Ever), 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1805.0; Mean 0.9606648199445983; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.19444503184195605;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:nRAverXncM9iPjr7nL1o4g==

Married in Power, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 1786.0; Mean 0.914333706606943; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.2799490320867494;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:W+ZxvS0dYM1fmUxAjZHwsg==

Divorced (Ever), 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1741.0; StDev 0.3147545465611781; Mean 0.11143021252153937; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Fkh6NhTCODkDoHHN77RyPw==

Number Of Spouses (Count)

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 1805.0; StDev 1.96870504309652; Mean 1.1562326869806099; Max. 70.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Zo7//R3p0Ghw0ubBD9uw4w==

Total number of children

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 210.0; StDev 7.086588838446818; Valid 1640.0; Mean 3.787804878048783; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:fwRhX6WwOCjTJC1XAxcsCg==

Parental Status, 0 = Together, 1 = Divorced

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.03924646781789618; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.1942316247127733; Valid 1911.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:V35iHEU8EYuixdIWZuIFGw==

Orphan, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.022501308215593926; Valid 1911.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.1483459303474279

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:syGj7MS6m4J9y88kDoJbaA==

Considered "Illegitimate" Child, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.13598933788684858; Valid 1911.0; Mean 0.01883830455259026; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:q3LRSD9DfO5q8oCCX9ivKg==

Royalty, 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.07849293563579271; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.2690161049837829; Valid 1911.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:yL4iNP93fERg10kUt/kh+Q==

treatment

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.5084745762711864; StDev 0.5009907241994226; Valid 236.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:846LS1ckTX5b3Ymngsn6EA==

MID Initiation: cc1 initiated a MID vs. cc2 in year (0=no, 1=yes), cow data

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1911.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.11878597592883287; StDev 0.32362118591149736; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:fuQ1CIaKkFC+K4L7qMkyBw==

Irregular Entry Into Office: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.3855991648419485; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.18158032443746727; Valid 1911.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:hrvORsY7AzokFztEdaML/g==

Last National Loss = Win: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1911.0; Mean 0.23809523809523817; StDev 0.42602919219267427; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:e/DqMJBg7OAwckcxRIbwdg==

Last National Draw = Win: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.30278121005171643; Max. 1.0; Valid 1911.0; Mean 0.10204081632653071; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:C4t098yh1lHcJ0TGXUav+A==

Last National War = Win: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.2375719518576662; Min. 0.0; Valid 1911.0; StDev 0.425706886019608; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:TQfjuD4dGTzUTxWULpz8qw==

years without leader MID initation

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 1911.0; Max. 8.0; StDev 0.18300360434867183; Mean 0.004186289900575552;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cl3IzLCRTbpx2hpRH0b+fA==

years without leader MID initation ^2

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1911.0; Max. 64.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.033490319204604414; StDev 1.4640288347893746

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eciH2sgc6FeKmhtcFhlIQg==

years without leader MID initation ^3

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.2679225536368353; Max. 512.0; Valid 1911.0; StDev 11.712230678314997; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4UX8KSMQHUNafS7ItiSseg==

Years since country MID initiation

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 81.0; Mean 10.699633699633702; StDev 13.786433686507003; Valid 1911.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:71Goy1QchOu5mnMPGjFxLg==

Years since country MID initiation ^2

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 304.448456305599; StDev 739.351055722795; Max. 6561.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 1911.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+D5yFI45hJ7YSWgKyvQVPw==

Years since country MID initiation ^3

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 46740.02618820565; Valid 1911.0; Max. 531441.0; Mean 12561.048142333853

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kTsxvh+cdSbJY1FK4ygkqw==

Country faced MID initiation in prior five years: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4953718808050422; Mean 0.4311878597592882; Valid 1911.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:P7VlyQxhFjmMp3O2znl8gQ==

Democracy: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4807373585672069; Mean 0.3621140763997904; Valid 1911.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GMEFnrLj/YqDwMT+sDJs/A==

Autocracy: 1 = Yes, 0 = No

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.14285714285714288; Max. 1.0; Valid 1911.0; StDev 0.3500186980794502; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:q7piM1JaAPBAm5GIKJbtCQ==

Tau B With System Leader

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.33449709709803505; Mean 0.12768190084354916; Min. -0.35750898718833923; Valid 1893.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:VRtqS/HndAkIianmSv8LIg==

Concentration of Power (System Level)

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.2960798957393408; Min. 0.2203419953584671; Max. 0.41924598813056946; Valid 1911.0; StDev 0.047407138425046035;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:IrKJ0VeDC3/G6d2Otjs5LA==

National Material Capabilities (COW)

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.012969638993543062; Valid 1911.0; Min. 6.790000043110922E-6; StDev 0.033070388553983004; Max. 0.38386350870132446;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:1cHhYAYvfglp4gD9NJnfQA==

Conflict Initiation Where Both Sides Use Force

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.03924646781789636; Valid 1911.0; StDev 0.1942316247127732;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:/nzD3fMP8JwIkboy5Wn7aQ==

years without country force initation

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 25.22104034111227; Mean 22.55154369440084; Max. 121.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 1911.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:p1F5eDfF41p5RTzoJarssA==

years without country force initation ^2

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1911.0; Max. 14641.0; StDev 2177.1949681351566; Mean 1144.3401360544206; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+CshdVdF3r3c1dxDJOONVQ==

years without country force initation ^3

f10763695 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1771561.0; Valid 1911.0; StDev 207862.23991354162; Mean 76933.0821559394; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:SQVpDO3hP/z/6WHFkfDlJA==

ccode

f10763696 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 266.7222222222247; StDev 136.09070248759255; Valid 1188.0; Max. 640.0; Min. 2.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:q1dMZYnjEvj5o4u20Spokg==

year

f10763696 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2014.0; Valid 1188.0; Mean 1981.5; Min. 1949.0; StDev 19.05839472346902;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3q7pAt/wS9COS3n8/l1G/g==

outyear

f10763696 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1937.0; StDev 20.303915777435105; Max. 2024.0; Mean 1984.894644424934; Valid 1139.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kvPDUdqPoEo6+Kk17iBtgg==

leadername

f10763696 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:PC80GGa45wyvYcXGDji6CA==

age

f10763696 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1144.0; Max. 93.0; Min. 36.0; Mean 57.350524475524466; StDev 8.877825339113523;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:UWpefzx46rki/PHfrCQl+w==

gender

f10763696 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.9659090909090908; Valid 1144.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.1815420833753675;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:0/s3xPUl9yVi/T1hVgq8Rw==

leveledu

f10763696 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.7164944245501909; Min. 0.0; Max. 3.0; Valid 1144.0; Mean 2.3575174825174834

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+a1NTUztvDMnWzdmdOlkOQ==

edu_dummy

f10763696 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.8553719008264458; StDev 0.3519072955914517; Min. 0.0; Valid 968.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wxooevoI5LoiKolkMqon3w==

Correlates of War country code

f10763687 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 2.0; Valid 11146.0; Max. 990.0; Mean 457.13098869551374; StDev 270.64263663722227

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ck5EPN9j9oVXbl2iwunqnw==

Year

f10763687 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 11146.0; Mean 1984.8357258209223; Min. 1946.0; StDev 19.14197671810222; Max. 2015.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:aOgAcWoYPXjRq/urfApisA==

Leader name

f10763687 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Z8/qNtcmhsDhMmdVZMVPpw==

Technocratic field

f10763687 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.16673185996479997; Valid 10226.0; StDev 0.37275452291428945; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:n8WbQD9CAP402B+sUisAlw==

Businessman/woman

f10763687 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.08199606584532575; StDev 0.27437293024446696; Max. 1.0; Valid 9659.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+9nTCdVW5XDe79O7AqYOTQ==

Finance minister or central banker

f10763687 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 9661.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.36760524701012093; Mean 0.1610599316840897;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Glip2NcmwQtDCjhhsIToaQ==

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