Replication Data for: “Leave It As It Is”: International Network Effects on Protected Lands (doi:10.7910/DVN/IPRMT9)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
Entire Codebook

Document Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: “Leave It As It Is”: International Network Effects on Protected Lands

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/IPRMT9

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Date of Distribution:

2023-08-03

Version:

1

Bibliographic Citation:

Interactions, International, 2023, "Replication Data for: “Leave It As It Is”: International Network Effects on Protected Lands", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/IPRMT9, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:sMdjH7SwYtm4UgfggE3MEA== [fileUNF]

Study Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: “Leave It As It Is”: International Network Effects on Protected Lands

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/IPRMT9

Authoring Entity:

Interactions, International (University of Pittsburgh)

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Access Authority:

Interactions, International

Depositor:

Interactions, International

Date of Deposit:

2023-07-04

Holdings Information:

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/IPRMT9

Study Scope

Keywords:

Social Sciences, Environment, Trade, International networks, Protected lands, Dependence networks, IPE, Environmental protection

Abstract:

The protection of a portion of a country’s land is vital for sustainable economic growth and biodiversity, though land protection also imposes important costs. States have set aside a growing proportion of their land for protection over time, with wide variation among states. What explains this variation? Theoretically, we argue that states exist internationally in dependence networks with each other and that those networks provide pathways for influence on a state’s environmental choices. A state’s dependence network is the other states with which it regularly exchanges valued goods. We find strong evidence that increases in protected lands among trade partners and international organization partners (both weighted by importance) increase a given state’s protected lands, with substantive effects larger than domesticlevel variables like democracy. This paper expands our understandings of the ways that states may influence each other on environmental policy.

Methodology and Processing

Sources Statement

Data Access

Other Study Description Materials

File Description--f7226542

File: protectedlands.tab

  • Number of cases: 4069

  • No. of variables per record: 26

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:sMdjH7SwYtm4UgfggE3MEA==

Variable Description

List of Variables:

Variables

Year

f7226542 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:X6ajXnakQw+XyteZJ3Parg==

Country Number

f7226542 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

183.

West Germany

0

89.

Kiribati

0

179.

Uzbekistan

25

111.

Moldova

24

32.

Canada

27

50.

Dominican Republic

27

168.

Trinidad and Tobago

27

95.

Lesotho

27

98.

Lithuania

24

140.

Samoa

0

102.

Malaysia

27

93.

Latvia

24

170.

Turkey

27

164.

Thailand

27

17.

Belize

0

12.

Bahrain

27

46.

Czechia

24

148.

Slovakia

24

132.

Peru

27

80.

Iraq

9

104.

Mali

27

62.

Gabon

27

6.

Argentina

27

31.

Cameroon

27

127.

Pakistan

27

64.

Georgia

25

116.

Namibia

26

35.

Chile

27

88.

Kenya

27

141.

San Marino

0

159.

Sweden

27

29.

Cabo Verde

27

96.

Liberia

19

180.

Vanuatu

0

55.

Eritrea

18

56.

Estonia

24

100.

Madagascar

27

142.

Saudi Arabia

27

110.

Micronesia, Federated States of

0

118.

Nepal

27

123.

Nigeria

27

125.

Norway

27

47.

Denmark

27

99.

Macedonia

23

44.

Cuba

27

145.

Seychelles

0

14.

Barbados

0

163.

Tanzania

27

41.

Costa Rica

27

45.

Cyprus

27

66.

Ghana

27

27.

Burma

19

81.

Ireland

27

67.

Greece

27

57.

Eswatini

27

131.

Paraguay

27

134.

Poland

27

13.

Bangladesh

27

7.

Armenia

25

115.

Mozambique

27

9.

Austria

27

83.

Italy

27

33.

Central African Republic

27

15.

Belarus

25

92.

Laos

27

109.

Mexico

27

177.

United States

27

165.

Timor-Leste

14

48.

Djibouti

0

71.

Guinea-Bissau

27

186.

Zimbabwe

27

161.

Syria

0

108.

Mauritius

27

106.

Marshall Islands

0

40.

Congo-Kinshasa

27

3.

Algeria

27

1.

Afghanistan

5

182.

Vietnam

27

119.

Netherlands

27

136.

Qatar

19

90.

Kuwait

24

155.

Spain

27

61.

France

27

20.

Bolivia

27

37.

Colombia

27

78.

Indonesia

27

24.

Brunei

0

85.

Japan

27

154.

South Sudan

4

26.

Burkina Faso

27

39.

Congo-Brazzaville

27

160.

Switzerland

27

69.

Guatemala

27

158.

Suriname

27

121.

Nicaragua

27

58.

Ethiopia

27

94.

Lebanon

14

91.

Kyrgyzstan

25

114.

Morocco

27

10.

Azerbaijan

25

128.

Palau

0

51.

Ecuador

27

152.

South Africa

27

117.

Nauru

0

70.

Guinea

27

129.

Panama

27

38.

Comoros

27

153.

South Korea

27

175.

United Arab Emirates

27

139.

Rwanda

27

103.

Maldives

0

53.

El Salvador

27

149.

Slovenia

24

143.

Senegal

27

25.

Bulgaria

27

75.

Hungary

27

28.

Burundi

27

23.

Brazil

27

60.

Finland

27

19.

Bhutan

27

146.

Sierra Leone

27

144.

Serbia

10

74.

Honduras

27

86.

Jordan

27

107.

Mauritania

27

113.

Montenegro

10

157.

Sudan

27

43.

Croatia

24

42.

Cote d'Ivoire

27

76.

Iceland

0

2.

Albania

27

97.

Libya

20

72.

Guyana

27

84.

Jamaica

27

16.

Belgium

27

79.

Iran

26

169.

Tunisia

27

8.

Australia

27

172.

Tuvalu

0

171.

Turkmenistan

25

65.

Germany

26

82.

Israel

27

34.

Chad

27

181.

Venezuela

25

11.

Bahamas, The

0

122.

Niger

27

151.

Somalia

0

49.

Dominica

0

173.

Uganda

27

184.

Yemen

27

178.

Uruguay

27

63.

Gambia, The

27

124.

North Korea

0

156.

Sri Lanka

27

77.

India

27

147.

Singapore

27

5.

Antigua and Barbuda

0

4.

Angola

27

36.

China

27

21.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

0

126.

Oman

27

185.

Zambia

27

166.

Togo

27

101.

Malawi

27

167.

Tonga

0

52.

Egypt

27

112.

Mongolia

27

68.

Grenada

0

22.

Botswana

27

30.

Cambodia

26

87.

Kazakhstan

25

59.

Fiji

27

73.

Haiti

27

54.

Equatorial Guinea

25

18.

Benin

27

130.

Papua New Guinea

27

120.

New Zealand

27

135.

Portugal

27

137.

Romania

27

174.

Ukraine

25

105.

Malta

0

162.

Tajikistan

25

133.

Philippines

27

138.

Russia

25

176.

United Kingdom

27

150.

Solomon Islands

27

Summary Statistics: Mean 92.41386089948425; Valid 4069.0; StDev 53.179491102350056; Min. 1.0; Max. 186.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Lv/Rgb5WV2848x5Bcl3UXQ==

Country Name

f7226542 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:TrDwF9TF9Rw+yutgy/CD3w==

Proportion Protected Lands

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.13573513498192935; StDev 0.1097757718987345; Max. 0.5626457929611206; Min. 0.0; Valid 4069.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:nI2yYwSDOuNfeBVeLQgLnA==

Trade Network

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 0.2879362017736702; Mean 0.15001403066007474; StDev 0.040959084246788284; Min. 0.01622091678877169; Valid 4069.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:hIYH2zJkggm3891pqzxx8Q==

IO Network (linear)

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.015642521681460027; Max. 0.31248171228258026; Mean 0.1592483913140535; StDev 0.055949970327145285; Valid 4069.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+yjZuRWETSP2wf20mDmbuQ==

IO Network (power 2)

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4069.0; Max. 0.20469340817999182; Min. 0.05905763415573473; StDev 0.03411685036946729; Mean 0.13790884597864658;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+iVeVDDN1cJfvKFiY+qYdQ==

(sum) propigo_pl

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 0.1845319287581333; StDev 0.03132138186961505; Mean 0.13113102231908788; Min. 0.06964604021804455; Valid 4069.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:VqE/vhvihfCSretvMZIyLA==

IO Network (importance weighted)

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 0.1769949382151026; Min. 0.07646965289350582; StDev 0.030468902740961767; Valid 4069.0; Mean 0.12822772108832833;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xMVSAa2uvkN9y9avKj1ynw==

IO Network (GDP weighted)

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.022174385191379084; Valid 4069.0; Max. 0.20773870835134023; Mean 0.1685687111270388; Min. 0.09689732135029969

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mj39ZhvK2Nmlx1vOMM7zRw==

Aid Network

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.1363333372474422; StDev 0.09494618384742716; Valid 4069.0; Max. 0.38409541236317324; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:EVvCTAIwV5q6qocW/juoEg==

No Aid Received

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.27721798967805505; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4476800538227471; Valid 4069.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:7xX03QBg+T51QUzj+GPuQA==

Regional Diffusion

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.012931357137858868; StDev 0.04516747534030067; Valid 4069.0; Max. 0.23105934262275696; Mean 0.1316356204178218;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5jIPONmLQAkloha731aOcg==

Democracy

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -10.0; Mean 3.3030526834071936; StDev 6.543622532662604; Valid 4062.0; Max. 10.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Y3Cb7vI7yiKZy5JT1PuvUw==

GDP/capita (USD 2010)

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 16230.776113112266; Max. 91565.734375; Mean 11011.856731556107; Valid 4050.0; Min. 164.33660888671875

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:CHchm78V4Pe0rucCvd2B7Q==

log(GDP/capita)

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 5.101916790008545; Valid 4050.0; StDev 1.5092072477080445; Mean 8.266675910125544; Max. 11.424812316894531;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Qc4QRkKMBZXAjATPUiwwlw==

Natural Resource Rents (% GDP)

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 8.647096730700557; Min. 3.131160046905279E-4; Valid 4044.0; StDev 12.001526425201483; Max. 86.45256042480469

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RqHQkexRZpJSYuCj8Jat/A==

log(Natural Resource Rents)

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4044.0; Max. 4.459595680236816; Min. -8.068936347961426; Mean 0.8550051816400457; StDev 2.156253525911097;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:V6t4454f/XlxabYZzy41UQ==

Population Density (/km2)

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.40589677901079; Max. 7908.72056321932; Mean 151.58029544980283; Valid 4069.0; StDev 531.5348178915012

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:W8LN7w5A2qxbmoKB1KHS4w==

log(Population Density)

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 8.97572135925293; Valid 4069.0; Min. 0.34067538380622864; Mean 3.992062941109355; StDev 1.3760080111576036

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:G0SX+8S6QsQFjUhclwkDCg==

% Rural Population

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4069.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 22.80762250757144; Max. 94.58399963378906; Mean 46.025336163784495

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RRLDGt8Gs3iPR2ir9oeKww==

Rule of Law

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -0.12428208479278147; StDev 0.9742295219748544; Max. 2.100273370742798; Valid 4069.0; Min. -2.008507251739502

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:VeYT66mve/e2utI/KgjmEg==

Developed Country

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.20127795527156628; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.401004562876199; Valid 4069.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:v+ArQZ4KKBpP3gokLzzvUQ==

Trade/GDP

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.4722471877618603; StDev 0.4804289236836525; Valid 4052.0; Max. 9.412042617797852; Min. 0.0013732630759477615

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DO5yrgR3EwPo6L+BDYl92A==

Aid/GDP

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 0.7716171741485596; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.05497484459156456; Mean 0.030324226026003303; Valid 4052.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:daaOS0nbsg7meCf2FLFKLg==

Foreign Aid (USD millions)

f7226542 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 611.8086000587298; Valid 4069.0; StDev 1192.5815018697463; Min. 0.0; Max. 16818.242024324834;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:0b6LxBeGk2LQqzSZjpqbiQ==

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