Replication Data for: Why Military Forces Respond to Terrorism with Torture (doi:10.7910/DVN/J3PK3T)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
Entire Codebook

Document Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: Why Military Forces Respond to Terrorism with Torture

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/J3PK3T

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Date of Distribution:

2016-01-28

Version:

Bibliographic Citation:

Courtenay Conrad; Justin Conrad; James A. Piazza; James Igoe Walsh, 2016, "Replication Data for: Why Military Forces Respond to Terrorism with Torture", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/J3PK3T, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:JIVjs0zAzmJtnA8qLLRMeA== [fileUNF]

Study Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: Why Military Forces Respond to Terrorism with Torture

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/J3PK3T

Authoring Entity:

Courtenay Conrad (University of California, Merced)

Justin Conrad (University of North Carolina at Charlotte)

James A. Piazza (Pennsylvania State University)

James Igoe Walsh (University of North Carolina at Charlotte)

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Access Authority:

Replication, FPA

Depositor:

Replication, FPA

Date of Deposit:

2016-01-28

Holdings Information:

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/J3PK3T

Study Scope

Keywords:

Social Sciences

Abstract:

Do governments respond to terrorism with torture? Although states face incentives to increase torture in response to terrorist attacks, previous research finds no relationship between terror and government torture. We argue that these null findings are unsurprising because incentives to violate human rights differ across domestic government agencies. Using new data that disaggregates state torture by the government agency responsible for the abuse, we investigate the effect of transnational and domestic terrorism on torture perpetrated by military officials. We find that military agents—especially those in democracies—engage in substantively more widespread torture when confronted with terrorism and that this behavior is particularly likely in response to transnational attacks

Methodology and Processing

Sources Statement

Data Access

Notes:

Other Study Description Materials

File Description--f2781638

File: Conrad Conrad Piazza Walsh data_FPA2014.tab

Number of cases: 2233
No. of variables per record: 39
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:JIVjs0zAzmJtnA8qLLRMeA==

Variable Description

List of Variables:

ccodecow - COW CCODE
iso3numeric - ISO3 NUMERIC CODE
iso3alpha - ISO3 ALPHA CODE
year - YEAR
ITERATELoc - International Attacks Sustained by Country
ITERATELoclag
GTD - Domestic and International Attacks Sustained by Country
GTDlag
GTDDomestic - Domestic Attacks Sustained by Country
GTDDomesticlag
GTDTrans - GTDTrans
GTDTranslag
RstrctAccess - RESTRICTED AI ACCESS IN COUNTRY-YEAR
ucdp_type2 - Interstate Armed Conflict
ciri_tort - Torture
civilwar - 1 if ucdp_type3=3 or ucdp_type4=3; otherwise 0
ucdp_type4 - Internationalized ernal Armed Conflict
ucdp_type3 - Internal Armed Conflict
ucdp_type1 - Extrasystemic Armed Conflict
LoTMilitaryRecode - negative values --> missing
LoTMilitary - 3 LoT
LoTPoliceRecode - negative values --> missing
LoTPolice - 1 LoT
polity2
p_polity2lag
pop - POP
poplag
civilwarlag
ucdp_type2lag
dissent - =1 if any Banks variable >0
dissentlag
cats
catr
catlag - cats (lagged)
p_polity2lagrecode - p_polity2lag + 10
ITERATEpolitylag - ITERATELoclag*p_polity2lagrecode
gdppc - GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$)
gdppclag
xconstlag

Variables

COW CCODE

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 264.7069265683578; Min. 2.0; Mean 474.8415841584114; Max. 1111.0; Valid 2222.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:vJCCndBF+LaQ5HQU0SqUHw==

ISO3 NUMERIC CODE

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 894.0; Mean 441.18421052631567; StDev 252.59676765078112; Valid 1672.0; Min. 4.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:sDuz/g5bqm1963RXjHFrvA==

ISO3 ALPHA CODE

f2781638 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:tIyDwT7oEwvrGspTLZwJRw==

YEAR

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 3.162985976373963; Valid 2233.0; Max. 2005.0; Min. 1995.0; Mean 2000.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:iZusUOwCGwyxBuIs6IRmkg==

International Attacks Sustained by Country

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 133.0; StDev 5.072308848868318; Min. 0.0; Valid 1641.0; Mean 1.19987812309567

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:EikRwS90o6RedjvU/cTCLg==

ITERATELoclag

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 133.0; Mean 1.24798927613941; Valid 1492.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 5.169964588689968;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2ALVJNVAY5PpAlLK4n68PA==

Domestic and International Attacks Sustained by Country

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 9.306990881458931; StDev 33.1127063181338; Max. 523.0; Valid 1645.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:CJlu0X/L/duWyMl4/Omjgw==

GTDlag

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 9.18394648829433; Valid 1495.0; Max. 518.0; StDev 31.253213111555873; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ThxkdxCnUrxDuJeKzn4E0Q==

Domestic Attacks Sustained by Country

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1647.0; Mean 6.22647237401338; StDev 22.658360300278893; Min. 0.0; Max. 383.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:UtxKycR/YG+xAO8wN1pciQ==

GTDDomesticlag

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 6.291917167668644; Valid 1497.0; Max. 383.0; StDev 22.74444505545989; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:fDwFSVbs+Xy7F1eyzs7OPA==

GTDTrans

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 8.54659711677959; Min. 0.0; Valid 1892.0; Max. 223.0; Mean 1.5924947145877417

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:SFQp64Wo7DIGop0GGC1K7w==

GTDTranslag

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1720.0; Max. 223.0; StDev 8.754704930623442; Mean 1.639534883720936; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:WlAzpKM8ca/6zh0Fmw3TrA==

RESTRICTED AI ACCESS IN COUNTRY-YEAR

f2781638 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	Yes
0.	No

Summary Statistics: Valid 1672.0; Mean 0.06339712918660373; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.2437487796237228; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:WIWyslTSDBBDvnbau3pc8w==

Interstate Armed Conflict

f2781638 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	0. No interstate conflict
1.	1. Interstate minor armed conflict
3.	3. Interstate war
2.	2. Interstate intermediate armed conflict

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.33245258093521557; Mean 0.04554588077695885; Valid 1493.0; Max. 3.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:pOn/FEDYLdY6vHQBNvJMqQ==

Torture

f2781638 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	0. Practiced freequently
1.	1. Practiced occasionally
2.	2. Have not occured

Summary Statistics: Max. 2.0; StDev 0.6774711271281638; Mean 1.3749212350346545; Valid 1587.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:tx3bu+3NsaKRxncMYpXaqA==

1 if ucdp_type3=3 or ucdp_type4=3; otherwise 0

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.30532729556292754; Valid 1510.0; Mean 0.10397350993377476; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:yu1Rq/Je9PysSrfrhuvPKQ==

Internationalized ernal Armed Conflict

f2781638 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
0.	0. No Internationalized internal conflict
2.	2. Internationalized internal intermediate armed conflict
1.	1. Internationalized internal minor armed conflict
3.	3. Internationalized internal war

Summary Statistics: Max. 3.0; Valid 1493.0; StDev 0.8009198072311664; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.2625586068318827;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:XQ9xs7XSbWamgwf+ay5j9g==

Internal Armed Conflict

f2781638 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
2.	2. Internal intermediate armed conflict
3.	3. Internal war
1.	1. Internal minor armed conflict
0.	0. No internal conflict

Summary Statistics: Max. 3.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 1493.0; Mean 0.311453449430678; StDev 0.7819058597224642

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:iYEi2de0ds9LC4Qpt7Ie1A==

Extrasystemic Armed Conflict

f2781638 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
2.	2. Extra-state intermediate armed conflict
0.	0. No extra-state conflict
3.	3. Extra-state war
1.	1. Extra-state minor armed conflict

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.0; Max. 0.0; Valid 1493.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:T87DJLgFjdq/lSELxwGLmQ==

negative values --> missing

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1559.0; Mean 0.8755612572161655; Min. 0.0; StDev 1.6945618076924285; Max. 5.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Tnk7iQDKTlK3mK2DwPeGEw==

3 LoT

f2781638 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
2.	Several
3.	Routinely
-7.	Improved
4.	Widespread
-99.	Allegation, No LoT
1.	Infrequent
-8.	Increased/Worsening
-9.	Throughout
-6.	Continued
-10.	Indiscriminate/Abrbitrary
5.	Systematic
0.	No Allegations

Summary Statistics: Valid 1672.0; StDev 138.49103655077744; Mean -24.908492822966593; Min. -999.0; Max. 5.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:FzCoHOwin1L2Ebpd2tAhpQ==

negative values --> missing

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1523.0; Mean 1.3092580433355223; Max. 5.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 1.7824040413485565;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2DL5j3jlZcxvHcH5iJEKhA==

1 LoT

f2781638 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
4.	Widespread
1.	Infrequent
2.	Several
-99.	Allegation, No LoT
-7.	Improved
-8.	Increased/Worsening
-6.	Continued
-9.	Throughout
5.	Systematic
0.	No Allegations
-10.	Indiscriminate/Abrbitrary
3.	Routinely

Summary Statistics: Max. 5.0; StDev 138.8880610002641; Min. -999.0; Mean -26.44019138755986; Valid 1672.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:vfTwFzKJiXoUPCgphhCZNA==

polity2

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 10.0; Min. -10.0; StDev 6.667411506676614; Valid 1745.0; Mean 2.888825214899795

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uawEWrKcPu9sW+T86j4eCg==

p_polity2lag

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.8133669609080054; Max. 10.0; StDev 6.683599996168837; Valid 1586.0; Min. -10.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:d8+WZkS+sZo5gyUm4QXkeg==

POP

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 2002.0; StDev 91412.55298811047; Max. 1277595.0; Mean 27279.089887606846; Min. 17.302000045776367;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:tzYzGhiUYgrATMFS4EGOPQ==

poplag

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 17.302000045776367; Max. 1277595.0; StDev 91655.71902367458; Valid 1820.0; Mean 27218.73484833671

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:QUwoB91LSOTao1Th5gE/nQ==

civilwarlag

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.10397350993377476; StDev 0.30532729556292754; Max. 1.0; Valid 1510.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:dNRc7zVuYORmNu5KtQvlPw==

ucdp_type2lag

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.33245258093521557; Valid 1493.0; Mean 0.04554588077695885; Min. 0.0; Max. 3.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:/u0yl3TzLxM4LD2qXpuhXQ==

=1 if any Banks variable >0

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 2105.0; Mean 0.3738717339667462; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4839451630116317

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ZAxleuRRiMkORkkeP328eQ==

dissentlag

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4851307256272563; Valid 1913.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.3784631468897026;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:QBVG5TpJodu0Z5SCGNKluw==

cats

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4726698303191354; Min. 0.0; Valid 2029.0; Mean 0.6633809758501712; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:UvBZ3lJKb2ahHnVZFaYzLQ==

catr

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.6017742730409084; Valid 2029.0; StDev 0.48965310579260896; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wtNZX3t+WZNIv+rGxHby3A==

cats (lagged)

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4758248878055724; Mean 0.6539923954372646; Max. 1.0; Valid 1841.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3WL5QtHRPvz7flY1LwZGZQ==

p_polity2lag + 10

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 12.813366960908004; Min. 0.0; Valid 1586.0; Max. 20.0; StDev 6.683599996168832

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:OHHiZl2Dut4mDGEz1A4SWw==

ITERATELoclag*p_polity2lagrecode

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1717.0; StDev 60.99112004820411; Min. 0.0; Valid 1423.0; Mean 14.65495432185522

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:c6MZF8XAbe6fliPdRAoohw==

GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$)

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 11527.167357311877; Valid 2032.0; Max. 81827.953125; Min. 54.505191802978516; Mean 6898.861952030808;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xs0zB2dEtwdx4Z2bZALiPQ==

gdppclag

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 6807.787071972411; StDev 11410.03156995748; Valid 1845.0; Min. 54.505191802978516; Max. 80255.75

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2t9q4bM8Li/SA947af1R0w==

xconstlag

f2781638 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.47055176689397454; Valid 1613.0; Min. -88.0; Max. 7.0; StDev 18.26259127845915;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:sis0gKpJt1d7JSJPw3iGxg==

Other Study-Related Materials

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Figure 1.do

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application/x-stata-syntax

Other Study-Related Materials

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Figure 3.do

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application/x-stata-syntax

Other Study-Related Materials

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FPA-13-May-0054.R2 Appendix.docx

Notes:

application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

Table 4.do

Notes:

application/x-stata-syntax

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

Table 5 & Figure 2.do

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application/x-stata-syntax

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

Tables 1-3.do

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