Replication Data for: Election-Denying Republican Candidates Underperformed in the 2022 Midterms (doi:10.7910/DVN/JPKJSJ)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
Entire Codebook

(external link)

Document Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: Election-Denying Republican Candidates Underperformed in the 2022 Midterms

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/JPKJSJ

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Date of Distribution:

2024-10-28

Version:

Bibliographic Citation:

Malzahn, Janet; Hall, Andrew B., 2024, "Replication Data for: Election-Denying Republican Candidates Underperformed in the 2022 Midterms", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/JPKJSJ, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:BWqz4zxJdt+IlOdJ8NgKQA== [fileUNF]

Study Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: Election-Denying Republican Candidates Underperformed in the 2022 Midterms

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/JPKJSJ

Authoring Entity:

Malzahn, Janet (Stanford Graduate School of Business)

Hall, Andrew B. (Stanford Graduate School of Business)

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Access Authority:

Malzahn, Janet

Depositor:

Malzahn, Janet

Date of Deposit:

2024-06-25

Holdings Information:

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/JPKJSJ

Study Scope

Keywords:

Social Sciences, Elections, Election Denial, Republicans, Governor, Senate, Attorney General, Secretary of State

Abstract:

We combine newly collected election data with records of public denials of the results of the 2020 election to estimate the degree to which election-denying Republican candidates over- or under-performed other Republicans in 2022 in statewide and federal elections. We find that the average vote share of election-denying Republicans in statewide races was approximately 3.2 percentage-points lower than their co-partisans after accounting for state-level partisanship. However, we find no such underperformance on aggregate for U.S. House elections, perhaps due to the more-partisan nature of many House districts. Together, the results suggest that the types of candidates in American elections who take more-extreme positions tend to underperform, but that these performance gaps are relatively small in the present, polarized political environment.

Notes:

APSR Data Editors' Note: APSR Data Editors have reviewed included documentation for completeness and have successfully reproduced all figures and tables in the article using the code and data included in this deposit. Data editors do not review results presented in appendices or supplementary materials.

Methodology and Processing

Sources Statement

Data Access

Notes:

This dataset not to be distributed/posted outside of the Harvard Dataverse. All downloads should take place directly on Harvard Dataverse to ensure data integrity.

Other Study Description Materials

Related Publications

Citation

Title:

MALZAHN, JANET, and ANDREW B. HALL. 2024. “Election-Denying Republican Candidates Underperformed in the 2022 Midterms.” American Political Science Review: 1–6.

Identification Number:

10.1017/S0003055424001084

Bibliographic Citation:

MALZAHN, JANET, and ANDREW B. HALL. 2024. “Election-Denying Republican Candidates Underperformed in the 2022 Midterms.” American Political Science Review: 1–6.

File Description--f10302442

File: deniers_classified.tab

Number of cases: 3326
No. of variables per record: 32
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:vEvV/RiiaI4dhdXiYgB86Q==

File Description--f10302465

File: deniers_elec.tab

Number of cases: 1640
No. of variables per record: 21
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:MOSE+wG2lVXi5JCmf50i3Q==

File Description--f10302441

File: house_elec_2022.tab

Number of cases: 2293
No. of variables per record: 16
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:mTEOfI+xu2S5UJzX946+8w==

File Description--f10302468

File: incumbency_coef_plot.tab

Number of cases: 15
No. of variables per record: 5
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:7sQKg1iuvmu6VEQvC16GqQ==

File Description--f10302471

File: statewide_elec_2022.tab

Number of cases: 1032
No. of variables per record: 15
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:N4LAVV226BD8tGc+lJ/AlA==

File Description--f10302448

File: 2022_congressional_election_results_clean.tab

Number of cases: 2715
No. of variables per record: 21
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:g11IjLypAsJUk/8t1wNIUg==

File Description--f10302450

File: countypres_2000-2020.tab

Number of cases: 72617
No. of variables per record: 12
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:HaZ8GWG8D2abLleXN3uEig==

File Description--f10302446

File: daily_kos_pres_2022_districts.tab

Number of cases: 435
No. of variables per record: 8
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:gKNOT+buz712yKRej6PFTg==

File Description--f10302475

File: fivethirtyeight_election_deniers.tab

Number of cases: 552
No. of variables per record: 9
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:zVBd/de7zwrFLsvfz92/GQ==

File Description--f10302467

File: leip_state_pres_totals.tab

Number of cases: 911
No. of variables per record: 5
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:UZAq+m7b55UJO1meOsgOMw==

File Description--f10302474

File: states_united_deniers.tab

Number of cases: 141
No. of variables per record: 4
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:dKTL0efmFy6ZuCSnC9eGQw==

File Description--f10302454

File: statewide_county_elec_results_2022.tab

Number of cases: 15764
No. of variables per record: 11
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:Nad43r6D8F5WLWBoFlIX0Q==

File Description--f10302469

File: statewide_general_election_2022.tab

Number of cases: 181
No. of variables per record: 11
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:DR1CPHA6zJLexwBuUsSl7w==

File Description--f10302453

File: statewide_primary_election_2022.tab

Number of cases: 506
No. of variables per record: 11
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:Rk9iwcG25UZ+87oWf9DtYQ==

File Description--f10302451

File: wapo_denier_classification.tab

Number of cases: 291
No. of variables per record: 6
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:684m82CcTXqxrO04slkMdA==

Variable Description

List of Variables:

state
pres_voteshare_d
year
office
type
party
votes_p
votes_pr
votes_g
votes_gr
nickname
name
w_g
w_p
d
district
first
middle
last
suffix
odd
candidate - Candidate
stance - Stance
note - Note
inc
deny_538
deny_su
deny_wapo
merge_code
matched
deny
deny_test1
state
pres_voteshare_d
year
office
type
party
name
district
stance - Stance
inc
deny_538
deny_su
deny_wapo
deny
voteshare_g_allparty
prim_id - group(state year office party district)
gen_id - group(state year office district)
voteshare_g
voteshare_p
w_g
w_p
state
year
office
type
district
party
votes_p
votes_pr
votes_g
votes_gr
incumbent
nickname
name
w_g
w_p
pres_voteshare_d
b - b
lower - lower
upper - upper
office - office
inc - inc
state
pres_voteshare_d
year
office
type
party
votes_p
votes_pr
votes_g
votes_gr
nickname
name
w_g
w_p
d
state
year
office
type
district
party
votes_p
votes_pr
votes_g
votes_gr
incumbent
nickname
first
middle
last
suffix
name
gen_id - group(state type year district office)
prim_id - group(state type year district office party)
w_g
w_p
year - year
state - state
state_po - state_po
county_name - county_name
county_fips - county_fips
office - office
candidate - candidate
party - party
candidatevotes - candidatevotes
totalvotes - totalvotes
version - version
mode - mode
District - District
Incumbent - Incumbent
Party - Party
Biden - Biden
Trump - Trump
Total - Total
Biden % - Biden %
Trump % - Trump %
Candidate - Candidate
Incumbent - Incumbent
State - State
Office - Office
District - District
Stance - Stance
Source - Source
URL - URL
Note - Note
year - year
state - state
dem_vote - dem_vote
rep_vote - rep_vote
total_vote - total_vote
state - state
first - first
last - last
office - office
state - state
year - year
office - office
type - type
county - county
name - name
party - party
votes_g - votes_g
votes_gr - votes_gr
incumbent - incumbent
notes - notes
state - state
year - year
office - office
type - type
county - county
name - name
party - party
votes_g - votes_g
votes_gr - votes_gr
incumbent - incumbent
notes - notes
state - state
year - year
office - office
type - type
county - county
name - name
party - party
votes_p - votes_p
votes_pr - votes_pr
incumbent - incumbent
notes - notes
first - first
last - last
office - office
district - district
state - state
inc - inc

Variables

state

f10302442 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:IMz1U50MFEVlRpcJ/BnBeA==

pres_voteshare_d

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.14336815398303956; Min. 0.18797431886196136; Valid 3325.0; Mean 0.5236804331648611; Max. 0.9119879007339478;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ICMb+EX8npop0Gx2En3/vw==

year

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.0; Min. 2022.0; Max. 2022.0; Mean 2022.0; Valid 3325.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:sna2sdTFgSNrumlZv4+AfA==

office

f10302442 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:4hkMugOQK0wJPQBuBWQzoA==

type

f10302442 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:oMQWRH7ET7RS2dvB+SMn2Q==

party

f10302442 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:W7AKRHAtL/N1zrDzYkp5vg==

votes_p

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 204118.32524110907; Min. 2.0; Mean 59577.633562885; Max. 4016798.0; Valid 2759.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RlJZTGTeK46WrdFrTrT6BA==

votes_pr

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 633223.0; Min. 1783.0; Valid 54.0; Mean 58227.1851851852; StDev 111658.1177655534;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:sDHlD5VT+hkOmAzCJGkFlw==

votes_g

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1486.0; Min. 1.0; Max. 6621616.0; StDev 677952.0199978973; Mean 282167.16419919214

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:0dAkZsDEKiNo1xIvP2uB9A==

votes_gr

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 146142.0; Max. 1820633.0; StDev 933508.0694846278; Mean 963288.75; Valid 4.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:a3T3yZSB9NlL2Q82lusRQA==

nickname

f10302442 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:nFfQyPn0lm6GAI59f/kf7A==

name

f10302442 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:/JNWYXezUbsrbJ+05hLH4A==

w_g

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.0; Valid 564.0; Min. 1.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:z7V5U/8hRS+5/wM7PizaOw==

w_p

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1.0; Valid 1456.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 1.0; StDev 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:AqroLrsPx7H/sF+HKz6DpQ==

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.014388489208633132; Valid 278.0; StDev 0.11930070073366336; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:irLDmxpbCMgAvVi0wsz8Tg==

district

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 52.0; Valid 3326.0; StDev 10.155971069607459; Mean 7.126277811184649; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:0WYnlx2d+BPuYbV7nF/agA==

first

f10302442 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:CXY8/LLgyYWvICyX7UWCuQ==

middle

f10302442 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:YXuSdQjY4/0sVPclxrRLOg==

last

f10302442 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:E3ksmHcFI/R3jRcEq+AUkQ==

suffix

f10302442 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:cmCd37tF9uyGzeDyu0CivA==

odd

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -1.0; StDev 0.6901222680708745; Max. 11.0; Mean 0.043121773458851875; Valid 3293.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2duvTeEySyQGsgWwwkswdw==

Candidate

f10302442 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:h0j2mBttTy9p7GkrRUnpLQ==

Stance

f10302442 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:iu/zsuxtIdpkKf+1nUOQ7g==

Note

f10302442 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:3l3RkfI92jzQQb0iOGJ0PQ==

inc

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.41304347826086985; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 552.0; StDev 0.4928271103740539;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:MQcHq5bPVpAZwe3z4+U38Q==

deny_538

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.13257065948855948; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.33922428848697855; Valid 1486.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eqGFcw7wkFdGR3mD674I8A==

deny_su

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.18269230769230835; Valid 624.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.38672406271021803

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:F3w4ok8gszR68h99vv3Yuw==

deny_wapo

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.19098856758573973; Valid 1487.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.39321230023866655; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mkOPXWmuIrrJQwXQEpSaKg==

merge_code

f10302442 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency
100.	100: unmatched from master	3032
15.	15: vars - trywithout	0
12.	12: vars + middlelast	1
2.	2: all - suffix	0
201.	201: omitted duplicate from using	0
5.	5: vars + lastlast + first	5
13.	13: vars + lastmiddle	0
14.	14: vars + last	1
4.	4: vars + first + last	2
10.	10: vars + hypen1 + initial	0
6.	6: vars + firstlast + first	0
0.	0: all	227
3.	3: vars + middle_init + first + last	0
101.	101: omitted duplicate from master	10
11.	11: vars + last smooshed	1
8.	8: vars + last + nickname	1
1.	1: all - middle	30
200.	200: unmatched from using	0
9.	9: vars + hyphen2 + initial	1
7.	7: vars + last + initial	15

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 101.0; Mean 91.53096812988564; StDev 27.739834880235673; Valid 3326.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:WO+2lT/Ig/KcTlKy0AQNgw==

matched

f10302442 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency
2.	Not matched from using	0
1.	Not matched from master	3042
3.	Matched	284

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Max. 3.0; Valid 3326.0; Mean 1.1707757065544169; StDev 0.5590000198197896

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:tqgDbWt4l3V9kafPZw/hBw==

deny

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.3163321195885667; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.11274804570054708; Valid 3326.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:LqOD/BVkZFj6wziURROnZQ==

deny_test1

f10302442 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.26848238800746527; Mean 0.07817197835237734; Valid 3326.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:KdaSXwZzeni+HTD3795QVA==

state

f10302465 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:hlEejLCTHPvOQtoIJfVeig==

pres_voteshare_d

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.18797431886196136; Max. 0.9119879007339478; Mean 0.5091398550152053; StDev 0.13571704185973266; Valid 1640.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:0df8AX+CLcY+ZgFFK9XLrg==

year

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2022.0; StDev 0.0; Min. 2022.0; Valid 1640.0; Max. 2022.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:JGbEYhvnvYkolcs32gRMcw==

office

f10302465 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:L4VaUe+U3UDQD2jux+HAkQ==

type

f10302465 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Fu8AUthTE70tlYnCVXm9fw==

party

f10302465 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:EaRoZfpwz7Y53vNc89oR0A==

name

f10302465 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:m2mFiyb7fK+apA+8jb8MUw==

district

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 52.0; Mean 7.405487804878072; StDev 10.267007367018353; Min. 0.0; Valid 1640.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GY+VVmamH+WIH2XTrV9iZw==

Stance

f10302465 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:A6wxVYiVBQ/OcMD6zsSWJA==

inc

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 538.0; StDev 0.49209235693003606; Mean 0.408921933085502

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:G8eNFEIuYNRsbpXT/CA1IQ==

deny_538

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4797230919772751; Mean 0.35754189944134096; Min. 0.0; Valid 537.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:66rWHWmIxale+hcyyEL3FA==

deny_su

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4725648263457867; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.33442622950819667; Valid 305.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:47IIapk2IDKbCXz5BxSfFQ==

deny_wapo

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.5185873605947957; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.5001194017470444; Valid 538.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:byjrn42accZVBClAjR1qww==

deny

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1640.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.41279652763651986; Mean 0.21768292682926843

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cdrsCcy8AAaKQzAidqTnNw==

voteshare_g_allparty

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.5154618920838145; StDev 0.17278474635952276; Valid 537.0; Min. 0.09525813907384872; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:yEV263MIaNVqyD3f/OZOsg==

group(state year office party district)

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 8.0; Valid 1640.0; StDev 310.58625263315696; Max. 1087.0; Mean 561.2926829268229

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jLx6BoyOk3pMgFlQGkpq2w==

group(state year office district)

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 284.64878048780935; StDev 160.32020981505732; Min. 4.0; Valid 1640.0; Max. 561.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:sv6sqLGNsm0aevHgOoU3Mw==

voteshare_g

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.18612409120000442; Valid 537.0; Min. 0.09525813907384872; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.5274632629180533

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:NJ8pP1ziGJrvvrACIydLLg==

voteshare_p

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 7.483909575967118E-5; Mean 0.2993589743809283; StDev 0.3001261840100895; Valid 1560.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zcHHfYDBSBI7OlDtd+ab9w==

w_g

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 537.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.5002709180150854; Mean 0.5139664804469275;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xKRfT+b2rItoknmV02QXng==

w_p

f10302465 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1560.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.45641924909584997; Mean 0.29551282051282046;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uQZafBByngFQ7ysKlC291g==

state

f10302441 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:QA4b1yqyt6lXL9cDIcJ2PQ==

year

f10302441 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2022.0; StDev 0.0; Min. 2022.0; Valid 2293.0; Max. 2022.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:r29XabS2wkUAD3itjQExDg==

office

f10302441 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:ih81ru2aZPQzRrBG/XKfvw==

type

f10302441 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:2wcC1mgKb3v9YknJQzsziA==

district

f10302441 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Mean 10.334932402965576; Max. 52.0; Valid 2293.0; StDev 10.79167258446923

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:JIrgk79fSpinuTNQuFbUGQ==

party

f10302441 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:P2n0IQCH8jYUbIZAxa6VWg==

votes_p

f10302441 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 20522.138421052656; Max. 177665.0; Min. 2.0; Valid 1900.0; StDev 25334.548559264593

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:OnTdr/+Jbmhit0WHfUSdDQ==

votes_pr

f10302441 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 38.0; StDev 12472.69498110772; Mean 12865.552631578947; Max. 48138.0; Min. 1783.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:pMYc9liY0VuMx0gp+yGDRQ==

votes_g

f10302441 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 66456.06530264969; Min. 1.0; Valid 1078.0; Mean 99544.80333951762; Max. 295998.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:YIZwZRTfwT4WRuQZBCS3EA==

votes_gr

f10302441 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 13430.786201857283; Valid 2.0; Mean 155639.0; Min. 146142.0; Max. 165136.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:j2DTswu72h/jWZ8L8aprUw==

incumbent

f10302441 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; StDev 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 43.0; Mean 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:bfEzxfRxGLchljOyB/Xmsg==

nickname

f10302441 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:/Bsprq0A5b8RwtZjfBasHA==

name

f10302441 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:h1wRZoUgMUnY9ZjLmGYvFw==

w_g

f10302441 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 1.0; Valid 435.0; StDev 0.0; Mean 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RrFUy8aKHf6fqtCyEAdVLQ==

w_p

f10302441 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; StDev 0.0; Valid 1054.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6://tTFntWtfSN3CWus4mrvw==

pres_voteshare_d

f10302441 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 0.9119879007339478; Min. 0.18797431886196136; Valid 2293.0; StDev 0.1568380045166131; Mean 0.5317543272271821

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:FPhkd+yQMdsyQKniWXq+iA==

f10302468 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.019076439959890876; Valid 14.0; Max. 0.017539296; Mean -0.020109641644285716; Min. -0.045570593;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:sBlmqVCd8eyStLQjTV28TA==

lower

f10302468 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.032710581149557286; Min. -0.1135212; Valid 14.0; Max. -0.0058041504; Mean -0.05194653005;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:JSdCYmqe9smud293AgVqWA==

upper

f10302468 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.024396157730453127; Min. -0.014524847; Mean 0.011727246807142856; Valid 14.0; Max. 0.067994915

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:8T71NURXto0AVhwljeq43g==

office

f10302468 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:hONsUtWNcn2vTtHQnlEKPw==

inc

f10302468 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 15.0; Mean 1.0; StDev 0.8451542547285166; Min. 0.0; Max. 2.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:UWuWOuG9xooCg0EIOSlzGw==

state

f10302471 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:TxLfNAJ21Nv+aJlcYu7b0w==

pres_voteshare_d

f10302471 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.10544046534740183; Max. 0.6829918622970581; Min. 0.2751956582069397; Valid 1032.0; Mean 0.5057410542066245

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uw7uhRsMvqVmJi3ax3GPJg==

year

f10302471 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2022.0; Valid 1032.0; StDev 0.0; Max. 2022.0; Min. 2022.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:CMpkECv53+x+qCYnHY/E7g==

office

f10302471 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Hxao6zrYYeGlmnyHoaPkeQ==

type

f10302471 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:BnEYe0SCiuOvLYa4xYl2Mw==

party

f10302471 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:lG4u+tptqSw4aJR2adyZYw==

votes_p

f10302471 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 4016798.0; Min. 11.0; StDev 348795.5146845381; Mean 145963.47846332952; Valid 859.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mGWYXszns75PPD462OyU6A==

votes_pr

f10302471 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 165961.0625; Min. 20064.0; Valid 16.0; StDev 161477.7967092148; Max. 633223.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wKc4nZzs1RVAd+IZktuxzQ==

votes_g

f10302471 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 408.0; Mean 764684.0882352943; StDev 1159125.4683522733; Min. 2.0; Max. 6621616.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:lRSdbI8C2zUuC1ge/kVtEw==

votes_gr

f10302471 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 70278.63587534978; Min. 1721244.0; Valid 2.0; Max. 1820633.0; Mean 1770938.5;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cVCxzUVan18abuBQoCj3ug==

nickname

f10302471 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:tZMTaznGefWv2cQGYhrCKg==

name

f10302471 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:BjJCNdGDCu/u075pIiSJMQ==

w_g

f10302471 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.0; Min. 1.0; Mean 1.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 129.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kvWBNcpTi2RJkP6mCOHlOA==

w_p

f10302471 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1.0; StDev 0.0; Valid 402.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kQEzlMZ/whdH9iyNBr7Avw==

f10302471 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 278.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.11930070073366364; Mean 0.014388489208633155; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:X9JMltVm12VIrejlLJtQRA==

state

f10302448 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:GHP8vTvsvv1g6rHQ/LIjHw==

year

f10302448 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.0; Min. 2022.0; Mean 2022.0; Valid 2715.0; Max. 2022.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:pvO2BFrP1zq3CYfcwegL4g==

office

f10302448 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:9uA8o5BEWvxit58fgdtE9g==

type

f10302448 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:XYFOcdeAsQY4SOleZsA93A==

district

f10302448 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 2715.0; Mean 8.737016574585665; Max. 52.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 10.594283678457755

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:dhBudmqVBOIPaFQL06E5lg==

party

f10302448 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:kFga2kbnSL8gBIT8c4bw7Q==

votes_p

f10302448 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 34793.55491839463; Min. 0.0; Max. 3740582.0; StDev 136066.7332389528; Valid 2267.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kG9a7zFigvRTvXy9qP5fWQ==

votes_pr

f10302448 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 43129.82274394238; Min. 1783.0; Mean 23390.72727272726; Valid 44.0; Max. 253251.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:lzn1ip25YmDpCkM1e9nV6Q==

votes_g

f10302448 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 436083.0930918264; Max. 6621616.0; Min. 1.0; Mean 165301.41390728496; Valid 1208.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:t9lvon9NVsDaKIRo9FunLA==

votes_gr

f10302448 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 963288.75; StDev 933508.0694846278; Max. 1820633.0; Valid 4.0; Min. 146142.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:51ZACr+IC9J3g02kvoIEWA==

incumbent

f10302448 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 1.0; StDev 0.0; Min. 1.0; Valid 45.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:waIaLCXlxItoW4thqIoc1g==

nickname

f10302448 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Z3c30esUvsJnSYQR2H9C6g==

first

f10302448 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:da1ic2fF3f3YL5qUanMaAA==

middle

f10302448 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:bk9M7r/cMU6eGFZ6NCmb2A==

last

f10302448 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:vbGHyLHsgDzon9CacCzHrQ==

suffix

f10302448 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:4RoHrln3436rupOegco4CQ==

name

f10302448 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:QLf+4OrE6JdShT7Kkgue+g==

group(state type year district office)

f10302448 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 2715.0; StDev 135.72937943593834; Max. 471.0; Min. 1.0; Mean 234.08029465929772

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zFOXaJ5hVBXOJh09oFpGXQ==

group(state type year district office party)

f10302448 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Valid 2699.0; StDev 343.5579598855867; Max. 1209.0; Mean 602.9051500555673

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cLDkUr2N8aehXbhE+sdDpQ==

w_g

f10302448 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 1.0; StDev 0.0; Valid 471.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:9+B0J87SB/f6o0rQVwWFbA==

w_p

f10302448 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1.0; StDev 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 1185.0; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eagoStohTpNv5RxHkFiWHg==

year

f10302450 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 7.520172170573485; Max. 2020.0; Mean 2011.30341380117; Valid 72617.0; Min. 2000.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:m1I1TFmxlecxDSvEdGdRLw==

state

f10302450 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:pwpjfNqBFUsoDbCLK7QrSw==

state_po

f10302450 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:f64BreJJUtDXz0PObkgJsw==

county_name

f10302450 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:ZaBqmarn4JrgTioY6qRGsg==

county_fips

f10302450 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 72560.0; StDev 15397.70254658527; Min. 1001.0; Mean 30264.480402425048; Max. 56045.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oVlgIn7QbkgVvflNPN6YRQ==

office

f10302450 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:pPeejotDffptBr8JK5WFtg==

candidate

f10302450 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:6dMyFg7w/+s2uDdU1iccNA==

party

f10302450 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:hKWhqG8QpnZ50qNK/vR6/g==

candidatevotes

f10302450 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 10781.828635166958; Max. 3028885.0; StDev 46034.93501855075; Valid 72617.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:iMU3/aOUTU4FEPUK52sWrg==

totalvotes

f10302450 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 72617.0; Max. 4264365.0; StDev 121951.40313664907; Mean 42514.20905572995

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:p21IrdcnpjtG2rW4SaN2+Q==

version

f10302450 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.0220315E7; Valid 72617.0; StDev 0.0; Max. 2.0220315E7; Min. 2.0220315E7

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:8cFZRhPBy7RlSMr42nSFgQ==

mode

f10302450 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:PT1vkgZHlNMsuu/UrUG61Q==

District

f10302446 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:qHeo+/GM8WGUBkNpahZnwQ==

Incumbent

f10302446 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:XaNzAjeQU33DVz3x2nuwmA==

Party

f10302446 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:S5grBLC+LsvYmhHEEhWN6g==

Biden

f10302446 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:sMAQ0gE9xBzEsqBteWdTYg==

Trump

f10302446 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:qig4lPsjjmHRdpd5IzlacA==

Total

f10302446 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Q5Ua3zNh5189TlUZkgaN/g==

Biden %

f10302446 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:CbJgSPDBXbnOUrlorq3SIQ==

Trump %

f10302446 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:ovUPWMzTkQff0sjN6zOyRQ==

Candidate

f10302475 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:ASuIv8YvhOiUw3Na/ep6Jg==

Incumbent

f10302475 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:4Z1VqeZ8tTMngrNw68c+ow==

State

f10302475 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Q8IDBk4LhTeQq9eWkChP3Q==

Office

f10302475 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:l60ElXvdV0Z3tv5jE0zViw==

District

f10302475 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:aCyiXrvKLtbe+kOVSYj9XQ==

Stance

f10302475 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:la9V2lySHSSyu90TFVrMeQ==

Source

f10302475 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Wq+O/uPhEXCk0ROYtWOaMg==

URL

f10302475 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:wp9A1U2lwRj4dcj3bIHHWw==

Note

f10302475 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:9uCPgfleempczXBgxXg9eQ==

year

f10302467 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1952.0; Max. 2020.0; Valid 911.0; Mean 1986.2392974753018; StDev 20.6609424258309

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:9KbGYOX8WJKjemOi1Ss2mw==

state

f10302467 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:OB/vZASIM5Co2HwPhWg3mA==

dem_vote

f10302467 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 29809.0; Max. 1.1110639E7; Valid 911.0; StDev 1125780.8215473196; Mean 913289.5367727791;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4HuX01LtIoQgLsYgZ4Y3JA==

rep_vote

f10302467 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 12723.0; Mean 927752.6037321598; Max. 6006518.0; Valid 911.0; StDev 985614.3007463674

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:V0qLAfoqj6EzWo8XpMhkyQ==

total_vote

f10302467 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 911.0; Max. 1.751226E7; Min. 60762.0; StDev 2136941.5229051695; Mean 1922269.7332601529

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:tFxl/xjSm2LmpGkClDLApA==

state

f10302474 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:wUW6TJneHjgkYLuSTuUJNg==

first

f10302474 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:kdZTXyQt94iY1HFKVYg71g==

last

f10302474 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:+FFODz+8+MtrJu8Q8fcxKQ==

office

f10302474 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:+IsHRXU0S6RssDyPSvuXEg==

state

f10302454 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:q0sJPHs7rxE/vv+DoC7qCQ==

year

f10302454 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.0; Mean 2022.0; Valid 5234.0; Min. 2022.0; Max. 2022.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GWkX13r2nirfI2vJJdGw6A==

office

f10302454 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:B8847i5oNFzG0vVasQSjJw==

type

f10302454 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:v/uRy7q3mZ8L3lvp+ntEJA==

county

f10302454 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:/n6Rj2veFkCUcnBamIXMRQ==

name

f10302454 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:DpWNcRzRM1PIF/WK9ZgUKg==

party

f10302454 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:QuIbbbixFcLJELQQDEcwaQ==

votes_g

f10302454 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Vb+Vo0EHT8QrvkwQmzNaiw==

votes_gr

f10302454 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean NaN; StDev NaN; Valid 0.0; Max. NaN; Min. NaN;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:gpfvFX5yLbpaKs63bbWPgw==

incumbent

f10302454 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean NaN; Min. NaN; Max. NaN; StDev NaN; Valid 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:gpfvFX5yLbpaKs63bbWPgw==

notes

f10302454 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:mUXI1bpdIDFD2RY+vRew7w==

state

f10302469 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:detutf4Jq4LUxq1IA0AZhg==

year

f10302469 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 2022.0; StDev 0.0; Max. 2022.0; Mean 2022.0; Valid 181.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RD57QgWHOWmXQRSS7PIIsw==

office

f10302469 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:rYGRwOwsrWK2NT5/za/H4Q==

type

f10302469 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:tYTFMoQDvW9WiLpqfRGF9g==

county

f10302469 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Xla89l8PYogWcg7xkfSENQ==

name

f10302469 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:YNRdrUTLHeLkMbgK68I3XA==

party

f10302469 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:kapoCQfNElQ7X/QLVvM3ug==

votes_g

f10302469 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:/lDChQKom3xBa1yiFXTXrw==

votes_gr

f10302469 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev NaN; Min. NaN; Mean NaN; Valid 0.0; Max. NaN

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+vRAU8Wl2+AkxQVnlkfhWA==

incumbent

f10302469 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. NaN; Valid 0.0; StDev NaN; Mean NaN; Max. NaN;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+vRAU8Wl2+AkxQVnlkfhWA==

notes

f10302469 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:CmLdfYenXcs87R3mP3QDdA==

state

f10302453 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:anAR5Ch44qCh414yr1IZzA==

year

f10302453 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2022.0; Max. 2022.0; StDev 0.0; Min. 2022.0; Valid 506.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:qqI/hYXWnE+EX0yfI6lDaA==

office

f10302453 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:fkxnHxd8BJvyhLzj/2hoLw==

type

f10302453 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:A31BRTbov6tHcBdKdIM8eA==

county

f10302453 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev NaN; Max. NaN; Mean NaN; Valid 0.0; Min. NaN

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:gdFea5EpVM3L3QYWZIclsg==

name

f10302453 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Yu7VJ4MV8x+hwF4xwexBNw==

party

f10302453 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:lbDiMHRdb1pqIsCIgURTDA==

votes_p

f10302453 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:2Wh02AHO94Qo5LCRmZktSQ==

votes_pr

f10302453 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:r6Hd4xROIHkmnaPebQiByA==

incumbent

f10302453 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean NaN; Min. NaN; StDev NaN; Max. NaN; Valid 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:gdFea5EpVM3L3QYWZIclsg==

notes

f10302453 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:dIBwPkoNSRUXLMJhBB2U7A==

first

f10302451 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:nPKD5vsTSwoDxWHe5KX1Vw==

last

f10302451 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:5c5vNdDNCScLWCphM30LNg==

office

f10302451 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:A17mutIdgdElOxlRYO7p4Q==

district

f10302451 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 291.0; Max. 52.0; StDev 9.574195579668752; Mean 7.683848797250861

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xpMNeDzQOxD+ayXelvcQpw==

state

f10302451 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:uOnjX8XiDLwo9U05dqIKUA==

inc

f10302451 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.5001954825828623; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.5257731958762875; Valid 291.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3JXTtxxoxOddAufx5PemWQ==

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Notes:

type/x-r-syntax

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Label:

make_incumbency_tables_and_plots.do

Notes:

application/x-stata-syntax

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Label:

make_incumbent_statewide_barplot.do

Notes:

application/x-stata-syntax

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Label:

make_primary_analysis_table.do

Notes:

application/x-stata-syntax

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Label:

make_state_line_graph.do

Notes:

application/x-stata-syntax

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Label:

merge_538_su_wapo_elec.do

Notes:

application/x-stata-syntax