Replication Data for: Making Sense of Violence in Semi-Technologized Conventional Civil War: Evidence from Nineteenth-Century Japan (doi:10.7910/DVN/NCXVBU)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
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Replication Data for: Making Sense of Violence in Semi-Technologized Conventional Civil War: Evidence from Nineteenth-Century Japan

doi:10.7910/DVN/NCXVBU

Harvard Dataverse

2023-08-03

1

Kubota, Yuichi; Ito, Gaku; Harada, Masataka, 2023, "Replication Data for: Making Sense of Violence in Semi-Technologized Conventional Civil War: Evidence from Nineteenth-Century Japan", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/NCXVBU, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:N596iTQilmQQqZKnFVH/jA== [fileUNF]

Replication Data for: Making Sense of Violence in Semi-Technologized Conventional Civil War: Evidence from Nineteenth-Century Japan

doi:10.7910/DVN/NCXVBU

Kubota, Yuichi (Nihon University)

Ito, Gaku (Osaka Metropolitan University)

Harada, Masataka (Fukuoka University)

Harvard Dataverse

Interactions, International

Interactions, International

2023-02-01

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/NCXVBU

Social Sciences, Civil war, war technology, Japan

While existing studies highlight features of violence in conventional civil wars, they overlook how war technology is linked to the tactics of armed forces. To shed light on the understudied phenomenon of semi- technologized regular forces in a civil war, this article explores why and how violence is executed by such forces. To do so, we examine patterns of violence in the Boshin War that took place in Japan between 1868 and 1869. Our analyses of novel geocoded event data demonstrate that violent incidents occurred in strategically important locations but in ways that differed from conventional and guerrilla wars. Armed forces were unable to operate as technologically sophisticated forces do in modern conventional civil war due to limited logistics capabilities. Avoiding encounters in less accessible areas, the forces tended to fight in and contest areas that allowed them to establish relationships with local civilians. Additionally, violence against civilians was more likely to occur on the front lines where armed forces and civilians interacted because the former relied on the latter to convey provisions, arms, and ammunition. Unlike in conventional civil wars, military battles and one- sided violence were not unrelated to each other. With these findings, we address temporal, regional, and typological biases in civil war studies.

• Number of cases: 258900

• No. of variables per record: 28

• Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

UNF:6:4QsSryTtlO4PpEeBIBLkgw==

• Number of cases: 1118

• No. of variables per record: 4

• Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

UNF:6:wjG9r7HC40+RR+39UDtDQw==

• Number of cases: 119

• No. of variables per record: 4

• Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

UNF:6:badEF5MlIJGkZLprozaZOg==

• id - id
• mesh_id - mesh_id
• vtype1 - vtype1
• vtype2 - vtype2
• vtype3 - vtype3
• vtype4 - vtype4
• vtype123 - vtype123
• vtype23 - vtype23
• dum_vtype1 - dum_vtype1
• dum_vtype2 - dum_vtype2
• dum_vtype3 - dum_vtype3
• dum_vtype4 - dum_vtype4
• dum_vtype123 - dum_vtype123
• dum_vtype23 - dum_vtype23
• latitude - latitude
• longitude - longitude
• elv_avr_1000m - elv_avr_1000m
• elv_sd_100m - elv_sd_100m
• Edo_100km - Edo_100km
• port_100km - port_100km
• highway_100km - highway_100km
• trade_near_100km - trade_near_100km
• hyde_popd_1860_100 - hyde_popd_1860_100
• glues_rice_suitability_100 - glues_rice_suitability_100
• avgPrecip_1901to1910_100 - avgPrecip_1901to1910_100
• avgTemp_1901to1910_100 - avgTemp_1901to1910_100
• castle - castle
• frontline - frontline
• ID - ID
• event_type - event_type
• latitude - latitude
• longitude - longitude
• ID - ID
• actor1id - actor1id
• latitude - latitude
• longitude - longitude

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 74738.13668402498; Min. 1.0; Max. 258900.0; Valid 258900.0; Mean 129450.5

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cQkEwgzNbaPL7PBckh45bg==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 5.6740603420445435E7; Valid 258900.0; Min. 5.03514E7; StDev 4119958.912819801; Max. 6.5417799E7;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eIGdO8Ezfqrx8pHsIbt6bg==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.07495627978150093; Valid 258900.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 10.0; Mean 0.0023174971031282264;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:I7deMhfpO5qcF5O93esbBg==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 5.059868675166811E-4; StDev 0.026289413887611832; Valid 258900.0; Max. 5.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wcc2LPV/Xcyo7Y3DEzYQGw==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 258900.0; Mean 0.0014793356508323787; StDev 0.046276394176616754; Max. 5.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:b9+1/oEtrCA07Z48VvKmJw==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.02299896987951796; Min. 0.0; Valid 258900.0; Max. 2.0; Mean 4.5963692545417545E-4

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:BsxIavvZSJ7hYloZib+4Pw==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 258900.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 10.0; StDev 0.10979841627114557; Mean 0.00430281962147057;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:bUKahSQioAHSmOen+MtBUg==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.001985322518345669; Min. 0.0; Valid 258900.0; StDev 0.057331641147273696; Max. 6.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xcMYJQzeiulL+SCpCSQC5w==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.038832468696821144; Mean 0.0015102356122039542; Valid 258900.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GqgZO/5wRfd+/7eWaiCpPQ==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 4.4032444959499813E-4; StDev 0.020979329445518665; Valid 258900.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:C72MzcJZHancDVzgGqW+Kw==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.034970223201757404; Valid 258900.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.0012244109694875987; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eGtS9NqEsowCNovULpXMcA==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.020608143802312216; Max. 1.0; Mean 4.248744689066965E-4; Valid 258900.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:EjARd8ml0cf2YL09ZdaBUQ==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.0025608342989592425; Valid 258900.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.05053994749282056

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Ga0ZUwmLIek1FD51eLfIOQ==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.0015218230977208514; Min. 0.0; Valid 258900.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.038980931508838565;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xgOvOaWd6rQ3AzbdPlBKbQ==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 258900.0; Max. 43.99583333; StDev 2.7391319078284067; Mean 37.901522466869416; Min. 33.42083333

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Hi7X9A84RObCjfngd/60Vg==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 139.25181054461106; Valid 258900.0; Min. 135.00625; Max. 142.99375; StDev 1.9705715378168915

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zuUT+oImdzACgpOglet+Bw==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4321294509082984; Min. -0.0047; Valid 225209.0; Mean 0.42325160051330035; Max. 3.6498

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:a/RDo2VcBZs3OcpjyVo6OA==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.35258997625662575; Mean 0.4183046126042925; Min. 0.0; Valid 225209.0; Max. 2.8428;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:S2rFVqq7FSvgpOhcNuiGNA==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.003302178; Max. 9.422107562; Mean 3.6395732025439136; StDev 2.321815393250664; Valid 258900.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Y1QaRU1NVV9Z9ZLyh8jNHg==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4917668104420406; Mean 0.5833309359274393; Valid 258900.0; Min. 3.78281E-4; Max. 2.690601076

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:41AEjj4UCIeieaDVUBSQWw==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.12376937239547676; Max. 0.979319171; Mean 0.1148428456932335; Min. 5.18E-9; Valid 258900.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uSl9htsQ/eI8/TJkdOaYhA==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 3.667539076; Mean 0.9167001776857379; StDev 0.726485283450413; Min. 8.72012E-4; Valid 258900.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zu56brEUd6fVHkjCo6C3zw==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.5343409112530488; Valid 241536.0; Max. 13.10230957; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.9023097094373854

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3nsHznVp4qMeSWliBjbqJg==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 258900.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.05031476755630802; Max. 0.28; StDev 0.07556103986518853

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eVUn4DcFHLejPBNg0Cuntg==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1.3882755340404678; Min. 0.887658386; StDev 0.3256438300027525; Valid 255500.0; Max. 2.427083435

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:quLoWlbOqFAbhGHPoOMnVQ==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 255500.0; Max. 0.152041674; StDev 0.029706097056770617; Mean 0.09269290340693197; Min. 0.023333333;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:VIsfzBslHFd1HXI/2GSHVg==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 8.304364619552801E-4; StDev 0.02880538217326274; Valid 258900.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:A+jkBDYGY5gp0JkJMchPGw==

f6910335 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 258900.0; StDev 0.05053994749282056; Mean 0.0025608342989592425; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Ga0ZUwmLIek1FD51eLfIOQ==

f6910367 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 585.8038285124785; Valid 1118.0; Mean 1080.7826475849738; Max. 2186.0; Min. 13.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:LHmN4YGer5/qj3lxeTNyMQ==

f6910367 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1.8076923076923082; StDev 0.9201094900758855; Valid 1118.0; Min. 1.0; Max. 3.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ZNVf7H7NyJWSD3dS1jJ85w==

f6910367 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.4293336362179694; Max. 43.24162728; Mean 38.06355470934705; Valid 1118.0; Min. 34.377439;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4f8FkKyvIqDfzKhgdthtvw==

f6910367 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 133.361115; Valid 1118.0; Max. 1.40034321E8; StDev 5920162.983197942; Mean 250648.19293048696;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Us7oHkVz/LGCs8wTt7egdA==

f6910395 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 23.0; Max. 2164.0; StDev 607.1550296458173; Valid 119.0; Mean 959.5714285714291;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Mo92Tyv6WEDqGmBULmHbmg==

f6910395 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 119.0; Min. 1.0; Max. 8.0; Mean 1.6974789915966386; StDev 0.7541368604012957;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:q2HNqzIBONX5n+mVBi8hzA==

f6910395 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 34.931105; Valid 119.0; StDev 1.3883317330706666; Mean 37.85713602882353; Max. 41.80197943

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mDMKu0RFIPKmmyGoiSecgA==

f6910395 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 119.0; Min. 135.765875; Max. 141.589569; Mean 139.89670159579833; StDev 0.7126490643442878

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:fFBSWf0SSoKvHoFvUCFWqw==

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