Replication Data for: Looking to the Skies: Operation Unified Protector and the Strategy of Aerial Intervention (doi:10.7910/DVN/QLQ3YK)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
Entire Codebook

Replication Data for: Looking to the Skies: Operation Unified Protector and the Strategy of Aerial Intervention

doi:10.7910/DVN/QLQ3YK

Harvard Dataverse

2023-11-22

1

Interactions, International, 2023, "Replication Data for: Looking to the Skies: Operation Unified Protector and the Strategy of Aerial Intervention", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/QLQ3YK, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:8q2zf/MjMVQiMeSzdCtkjA== [fileUNF]

Replication Data for: Looking to the Skies: Operation Unified Protector and the Strategy of Aerial Intervention

doi:10.7910/DVN/QLQ3YK

Interactions, International (University of Pittsburgh)

Harvard Dataverse

Interactions, International

Interactions, International

2023-08-09

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/QLQ3YK

Social Sciences, Military Intervention, Airpower, Libya, Civil war, Africa, Conflict

What are the different ways in which an intervener can use airpower to enhance a rebel organ-ization’s ability to capture government-held territory? Multiple studies have analyzed how foreign airpower can be employed as a counterinsurgency tool, intended to reduce the frequency and lethality of insurgent attacks. However, many civil wars are fought conventional-ly, and non-state actors can benefit from military interventions that helps them to overcome the advantage in capabilities often enjoyed by their government adversaries. I analyze how airpower can be used in support of a rebel organization engaged in a conventional civil war, contributing to its ability to produce salient battlefield information. I argue that that an inter-vener can employ direct attack against heavy weapons and anti-aircraft assets, and interdiction of command and control capabilities and logistics, in order to diminish the government’s ad-vantage in conventional capabilities. In doing so, foreign airpower contributes to the rebels’ ability to capture territory, a crucial intermediary goal and source of battlefield information when attempting to impose defeat on the government. Through a quantitative case study of Operation Unified Protector and the 2011 Libyan Civil War, I find that coalition airstrikes against the Libyan government’s heavy weapons, logistics, and anti-aircraft assets contributed to the Libyan rebels’ ability to capture territory. By contrast, strikes against the government’s command and control capabilities had no effect.

• Number of cases: 5522

• No. of variables per record: 51

• Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

UNF:6:8q2zf/MjMVQiMeSzdCtkjA==

• obs_id - Observation ID
• date - Date day-month-year
• district_id - District ID number
• district_name - District name
• rebel_capture - Rebel territorial capture
• govt_capture - Government territorial capture
• outcome_location - Name(s) of settlement(s) captured
• heavyweap - Heavy weapons hit in district
• heavyweap_3 - Heavy weapons hit in district over 3 days
• heavyweap_7 - Heavy weapons hit in district over 7 days
• heavyweap_14 - Heavy weapons hit in district over 14 days
• antiair - Anti-aircraft assets hit in district
• antiair_3 - Anti-aircraft assets hit in district over 3 days
• antiair_7 - Anti-aircraft assets hit in district over 7 days
• antiair_14 - Anti-aircraft assets hit in district over 14 days
• comcont - Command and control assets hit in district
• comcont_3 - Command and control assets hit in district over 3 days
• comcont_7 - Command and control assets hit in district over 7 days
• comcont_14 - Command and control assets hit in district over 14 days
• daily_cc - Command and control assets hit each calendar day
• logistics - Logistics targets hit in district
• logistics_3 - Logistics targets hit in district over 3 days
• logistics_7 - Logistics targets hit in district over 7 days
• logistics_14 - Logistics targets hit in district over 14 days
• cont - Targets hit in contiguous districts
• cont_3 - Targets hit in contiguous districts over 3 days
• cont_7 - Targets hit in contiguous districts over 7 days
• cont_14 - Targets hit in contiguous districts over 14 days
• sorties - Sorties flown each calendar day
• battle - Battle fought in district
• fatalities - Fatalities in battles fought
• population_density - District population density
• ln_density - Log of population density
• distance - Distance between district and Tripoli/Sirte
• distance_dc - Distance between district capital and Tripoli/Sirte
• ruggedness - Terrain ruggedness
• low_ruggedness - Terrain ruggedness (low estimate)
• high_ruggedness - Terrain ruggedness (high estimate)
• conflict_duration - Conflict duration (days)
• time - Time since last rebel capture
• time2 - Time since last rebel capture (squared)
• time3 - Time since last rebel capture (cubed)
• c_rebel_capture - Rebel capture in contiguous districts
• coastal - District located in coastal Libya
• only_strikes - District hit by airstrikes
• intervention - Dates after intervention began
• sum_rebel_capture - Summary of rebel captures in district
• sum_heavyweap - Summary of heavy weapons hit in district
• sum_antiair - Summary of anti-air hit in district
• sum_comcont - Summary of command and control hit in district
• sum_logistics - Summary of logistics hit in district

f7283572 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:ukkhMI2KGwCAuzWcaMt5dQ==

f7283572 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:8nUCL+xorgijoMOEKaRcWw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 11.5; Valid 5522.0; StDev 6.344863303961073; Max. 22.0; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cIVb3ZRlAAe4jqpdKEPrNw==

f7283572 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:SQVNHLAxtu3CqWJlCVJlrw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.1391153932652292; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.019739224918507676; Min. 0.0; Valid 5522.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:VEwEEM4+4eZ3gvFCyhUHtQ==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.07103399959885433; Valid 5522.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.005070626584570812;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cnGnVW+5QuMkIS9GGBsDKA==

f7283572 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:vK+vsC9Eh4K9AczkBAHMWQ==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 60.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 1.8375041053271435; Mean 0.3333936979355218; Valid 5522.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jFb3Isf/bMsDVhVCY3UeLw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1.000181093806605; Max. 66.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 3.9735358900435327; Valid 5522.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:yMGigpeBHlSe+tb+KEWZAg==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.3241579137993424; Valid 5522.0; StDev 7.656922709209152; Max. 101.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oQtaiMLzvnTn9c9Z5QvBHw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 5522.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 13.583762947970316; Mean 4.6242303513220735; Max. 159.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:fypDgQAzt3s6rSJnzyOk2g==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 5522.0; Max. 26.0; StDev 1.0150750123131314; Mean 0.14759145237233107; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:VL3pWGotDxq4xeEC8cxzyA==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 44.0; Mean 0.4427743571169874; Min. 0.0; Valid 5522.0; StDev 2.455782359689515

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kpwGj9vPhkHduo+tVQQRDA==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 5522.0; StDev 5.163351118644543; Mean 1.0331401666062932; Min. 0.0; Max. 79.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:AEjwudrIGzALRF7YeqgLbw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 110.0; Mean 2.0662803332125854; Min. 0.0; Valid 5522.0; StDev 9.354145804059563;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:bx7qGgRuc3Vnm0CRUl6/sw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.04636001448750457; Max. 7.0; StDev 0.317380328359215; Valid 5522.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:6WuXcZs6kbV38Bm/d976Uw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.13908004346251368; Max. 12.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 5522.0; StDev 0.6803030700306602;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:JSKW08CFQ0dA8n6fp5G5rw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.2907448427624075; Mean 0.32433900760594686; Min. 0.0; Valid 5522.0; Max. 16.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:pwEwIp0F1LsNJnklnkYB2A==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 2.248717679481825; Max. 19.0; Valid 5522.0; Mean 0.6475914523723106

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:aRl/ilbGtYYg8m7cdBldtw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 5522.0; Mean 1.0159362549800808; Max. 7.0; StDev 1.4722327357864886

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:6toEp+gxOBawGM0UqoPTww==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.2033792529995657; Mean 0.15918145599420747; Min. 0.0; Max. 42.0; Valid 5522.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GcrW+jF3TXl4Z0IGOKKNmQ==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 2.58195553512654; Min. 0.0; Valid 5522.0; Max. 74.0; Mean 0.4775443679826194

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:miYNSZ3poH8m8/ucnbDVgg==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 4.6299563926616365; Max. 74.0; Valid 5522.0; Mean 1.1142701919594316; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:IqcyDDktvaPsANojXhPTig==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.2279971024990863; Min. 0.0; Valid 5522.0; Max. 79.0; StDev 7.670514726457842

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uqZDdmNRaBtEcQB3/GAdCg==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 65.0; Valid 5522.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 3.5287939152480843; StDev 6.522110996777173;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:B91DvwS+HTvfS6q6w4vu6A==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 144.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 10.586381745744342; StDev 15.849119331153847; Valid 5522.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3xQsqSZZWmUqKYBpJeuOOA==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 33.02255222583872; Min. 0.0; Mean 24.664252082578848; Valid 5522.0; Max. 212.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rCaEaXudQxjaAOt+B0puYQ==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 5522.0; Mean 49.244295545092676; StDev 61.19470685698362; Max. 390.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kJGGsyTp/0uefnt4sBwe6Q==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 111.39112903225808; Max. 184.0; StDev 48.78736168377267; Min. 0.0; Valid 5456.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:gg+Quji2goFJ6tEFl/xtYw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 5522.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.25005279568500877; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.0670047084389706;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:0aTX+oLwDIzHd/HD8Gydjw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 7.787796960843603; Valid 5522.0; Max. 350.0; Mean 0.650488953277814; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:n01wAbd0qaluAaizLPrTOQ==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 82.0470779534663; Min. 0.11555057413211381; Valid 5522.0; StDev 263.8088840136684; Max. 1275.934131736527

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:NKO1+ygByIwSz+fS0sdHCA==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 2.3346354907048745; Min. -2.1580469608306885; Valid 5522.0; Max. 7.151433944702148; Mean 1.8349318778650079

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:FLeAuJFPeA+R/x0n1D2kKA==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1343.949951171875; StDev 334.69261105030165; Min. 40.84000015258789; Mean 553.561556596075; Valid 5522.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:0vmBsbCxzvKTK7MUfd0ryw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1379.5999755859375; Mean 510.1048582133006; Valid 5522.0; StDev 344.87911958871246

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RzUS1thGWcZzJoirssGX5w==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 12.678829416839694; Valid 5522.0; Mean 29.796390794136347; Min. 7.009885636; Max. 51.47612866

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:YeuyjQlDIW+6D56SoijzPg==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 51.47612866; StDev 12.473300044801915; Mean 27.537879073908876; Valid 5522.0; Min. 7.009885636

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:nR5Sf0APvf7xYr+8c5FR6w==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 7.009885636; Mean 31.60641443663646; Valid 5522.0; Max. 56.98618962; StDev 14.222579857933221;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:8kZL793q+6bfuZYw5r6avw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 126.0; Valid 5522.0; Max. 251.0; StDev 72.4634453686089; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wkhPGGDW0dvVubQtyTv2/A==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 5522.0; Min. 1.0; Max. 247.0; Mean 75.70862006519424; StDev 64.40191756458957;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:T19TYpaoFYWygMeomdkrbA==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 13344.936919809148; Valid 5522.0; Min. 1.0; Mean 9878.651032234697; Max. 61009.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:lOa+QxwUYNJT0hddahmMZQ==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 2745.886500358931; Min. 0.0010000000474974513; Max. 15069.22265625; Valid 5522.0; Mean 1570.0141780987403;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5PcRMeohDqQn7Hy3bUSKAw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.20391162622238393; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4029405384164004; Valid 5522.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cF7pOEE5DCVG+P8ag5UO6w==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.5000452796016324; Max. 1.0; Valid 5522.0; Mean 0.5; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:T9OuRAV4E0AbTCVqs2RUSw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.5909090909091015; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 5522.0; StDev 0.49171060790658766

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:127gvKu5nqBQqmxyp1VmHA==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.8725099601593624; StDev 0.33355131155651924; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 5522.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:XI7ZJ6IHo8DZKERryb5J+g==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.505251720391133; Valid 5522.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 16.0; StDev 3.679378734977403

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:nrg9DQGbtYJcC1Vl5eNb0Q==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 91.10105490633865; Max. 472.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 39.43281419775432; Valid 5522.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:pUwvYedfrMxWSk/D0CKJ+g==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 5522.0; StDev 44.650287790907605; Mean 13.488047808764664; Max. 321.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:d3/LrkZNwRHpEP8FaVWWSw==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 4.976276711336477; Valid 5522.0; Max. 84.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 13.730977305851336;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:E3uzBMVMVf37nl/Ihh5pIA==

f7283572 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 22.250633828322684; Max. 196.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 5522.0; StDev 42.562506370283266

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:tkKZ5od7S/1VJ6wzkmJ6qw==

Label:

LtS_appendix_dofile.do

application/x-stata-syntax

Label:

LtS_maintext_dofile.do

application/x-stata-syntax

Label:

Online Codebook Looking to the Skies.docx

application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document