Replication data for: Where does the Coronavirus come from? On the mechanisms underlying the endorsement of conspiracy theories on the origin of SARS-CoV-2 (doi:10.7910/DVN/TU2LYM)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
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Document Description

Citation

Title:

Replication data for: Where does the Coronavirus come from? On the mechanisms underlying the endorsement of conspiracy theories on the origin of SARS-CoV-2

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/TU2LYM

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Date of Distribution:

2021-07-08

Version:

2

Bibliographic Citation:

Vezzoni, Cristiano; Dotti Sani, Giulia; Chiesi, Antonio Maria; Ladini, Riccardo; Biolcati, Ferruccio; Guglielmi, Simona; Maggini, Nicola; Maraffi, Marco; Molteni, Francesco; Pedrazzani, Andrea; Segatti, Paolo, 2021, "Replication data for: Where does the Coronavirus come from? On the mechanisms underlying the endorsement of conspiracy theories on the origin of SARS-CoV-2", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/TU2LYM, Harvard Dataverse, V2, UNF:6:M4V+iXc8FkrFU5bC6WobrA== [fileUNF]

Study Description

Citation

Title:

Replication data for: Where does the Coronavirus come from? On the mechanisms underlying the endorsement of conspiracy theories on the origin of SARS-CoV-2

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/TU2LYM

Authoring Entity:

Vezzoni, Cristiano (University of Milan "La Statale")

Dotti Sani, Giulia (University of Milan "La Statale")

Chiesi, Antonio Maria (University of Milan "La Statale")

Ladini, Riccardo (University of Milan "La Statale")

Biolcati, Ferruccio (University of Milan "La Statale")

Guglielmi, Simona (University of Milan "La Statale")

Maggini, Nicola (University of Milan "La Statale")

Maraffi, Marco (University of Milan "La Statale")

Molteni, Francesco (University of Milan "La Statale")

Pedrazzani, Andrea (University of Milan "La Statale")

Segatti, Paolo (University of Milan "La Statale")

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Access Authority:

Vezzoni, Cristiano

Depositor:

Vezzoni, Cristiano

Date of Deposit:

2021-04-12

Holdings Information:

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/TU2LYM

Study Scope

Keywords:

Social Sciences, Social Sciences, COVID-19, Public opinion, Italy, Conspiracy theory, Institutional trust, Motivated reasoning, Partisanship

Abstract:

While official science has given its answer to the question on the origin of the Coronavirus (animal to human transmission), alternative theories on human creation of the virus – purposely or inadvertently – have flourished. Those alternative theories can be easily located among the family of conspiracy theories, as they always assume some secretive activity of some groups acting on their self-interest and against the good of the many. The article assesses the prevalence of these beliefs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy, studies its development during the pandemic, and investigates its potential determinants. In particular, it analyses the relationship between beliefs in alternative theories on the origin of the virus and political orientation, by arguing that the association cannot be attributed to (politically) motivated reasoning, as the issue has not been highly politicized in the Italian context. Alternatively, the article suggests that the main factor driving beliefs in alternative accounts on the origins of the virus is institutional trust. Political orientation moderates its effects, depending on specific conditions (e.g. cue taking, position of the supported party either in government or opposition), and eventually reinforcing scepticism towards epistemic authorities for those with low trust in institutions. Data come from the ResPOnsE COVID-19 survey, carried out with daily samples from April to July 2020 (N > 15.000) to monitor the development of the Italian public opinion during the Coronavirus pandemic.

Methodology and Processing

Sources Statement

Data Access

Notes:

CC0 Waiver

Other Study Description Materials

Related Publications

Citation

Identification Number:

10.1017/ipo.2021.19

Bibliographic Citation:

Vezzoni C, Dotti Sani G, Chiesi AM, Ladini R, Biolcati F, Glglielmi S, Maggini N, Maraffi M, Molteni F, Pedrazzani A, Segatti P (2021). Where does the Coronavirus come from? On the mechanisms underlying the endorsement of conspiracy theories on the origin of SARS-CoV-2. Italian Political Science Review/Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica 1–15.

File Description--f5745444

File: replication data Vezzoni et al 2021.tab

  • Number of cases: 12573

  • No. of variables per record: 44

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:M4V+iXc8FkrFU5bC6WobrA==

Variable Description

List of Variables:
  • s2 - Et��
  • peso - Peso
  • cause - Knowledge: origini del virus
  • hide - Real data on contagion are kept secret
  • perc_income - RECODE of c2 (Giudizio economia familiare retrospettivo da inizio crisi)
  • exposure - RECODE of f3 (Esposizione: personale)
  • Ptv_PD_d - Ptv PD dummy
  • Ptv_LN_d - Ptv Lega dummy
  • Ptv_M5S_d - Ptv M5S dummy
  • trparl - Trust in national parliament
  • area - Macro-area - Zone Istat
  • age - Et�� in classi
  • sex - Genere
  • nowork - RECODE of s24 (In quale delle seguenti condizioni si trova? (per chi non lavora,
  • mnactic - Employment status
  • educ - Titolo di studio in tre categorie
  • miss
  • gndr1 - sex==Uomo
  • gndr2 - sex==Donna
  • area1 - area==Nord-ovest
  • area2 - area==Nord-est
  • area3 - area==Centro
  • area4 - area==Sud
  • area5 - area==Isole
  • educ1 - educ==Elementari e medie
  • educ2 - educ==Superiori
  • educ3 - educ==Laurea e oltre
  • mnactic1 - mnactic==Employed
  • mnactic2 - mnactic==Retired
  • mnactic3 - mnactic==Homemaker
  • mnactic4 - mnactic==Student
  • mnactic5 - mnactic==Unemployed
  • mnactic6 - mnactic==Other
  • perc_income1 - perc_income==Same or better
  • perc_income2 - perc_income==Worsened
  • perc_income3 - perc_income==Worsened a lot
  • exposure1 - exposure==More
  • exposure2 - exposure==Like the rest
  • exposure3 - exposure==Less
  • cause1 - cause==Esperimenti scientifici
  • cause2 - cause==Guerra Usa-Cina
  • cause3 - cause==Passaggio da animali selvatici
  • cause4 - cause==Non saprei
  • sxdx_no - Left-right scale + not on scale

Variables

Et��

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 48.11747395211975; Valid 12573.0; Max. 90.0; Min. 18.0; StDev 15.484675465569191

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:iddhEd1KeKzxXZHAEWhzrw==

Peso

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.2591394433827848; Mean 0.958698900914148; Valid 12573.0; StDev 1.3396215894183863; Max. 8.581013712889053

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:p51PCntFvu8BjbCyNVj0sg==

Knowledge: origini del virus

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

Passaggio da animali selvatici

5882

1.

Esperimenti scientifici

3596

2.

Guerra Usa-Cina

1284

99.

Non saprei

1811

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; StDev 33.99680932311684; Mean 16.15358307484288; Max. 99.0; Valid 12573.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cyUn7lrGFe41HDHxqF7wPA==

Real data on contagion are kept secret

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

Completely disagree

2017

10.

Completely agree

1158

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 3.2193974823243403; Mean 4.627535194464335; Valid 12573.0; Max. 10.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:x+IvtEwJw5NcqEb22mcpAw==

RECODE of c2 (Giudizio economia familiare retrospettivo da inizio crisi)

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Worsened

3430

2.

Worsened a lot

1076

0.

Same or better

8067

Summary Statistics: Max. 2.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.4439672313688076; Valid 12573.0; StDev 0.646570956746343;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:bsZbYHcATVNZB88Wo9BpQw==

RECODE of f3 (Esposizione: personale)

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

Less

5079

2.

Like the rest

5948

1.

More

1546

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; StDev 0.6693265151269123; Valid 12573.0; Max. 3.0; Mean 2.280998966038336

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eKVZHJ5/d9iktxTzw0hyMQ==

Ptv PD dummy

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

Low

8512

1.

High

4061

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.3229937166945035; StDev 0.46763893014471736; Max. 1.0; Valid 12573.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:CBTyO2l4K7VJKIEoIe/L/Q==

Ptv Lega dummy

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

Low

9571

1.

High

3002

Summary Statistics: Valid 12573.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.2387656088443499; StDev 0.42634616232723677; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DoIxhyI0WMEMtjRbB1Kolg==

Ptv M5S dummy

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

Low

9834

1.

High

2739

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 12573.0; StDev 0.41279979614992524; Mean 0.21784776902887124

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:OV/+2lUk4JGyizF52XaPqg==

Trust in national parliament

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

10.

Complete trust

243

0.

No trust at all

1454

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 4.551737850950456; StDev 2.6328765670832506; Valid 12573.0; Max. 10.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2yjDdReqpQi9bNfkcGQW0A==

Macro-area - Zone Istat

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

5.

Isole

1310

4.

Sud

2762

1.

Nord-ovest

3603

2.

Nord-est

2482

3.

Centro

2416

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; StDev 1.3649072497878245; Valid 12573.0; Mean 2.657520082716936; Max. 5.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ctje9g80EABtPaPTEVYMvQ==

Et�� in classi

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

35-44

2507

2.

25-34

1908

1.

18-24

881

5.

55-64

2187

0.

meno di 18

0

4.

45-54

2848

6.

65 e pi��

2242

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Valid 12573.0; Mean 3.8174659985683763; StDev 1.513647861757993; Max. 6.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GBPTxfmCXbvjaLh3BI5g9A==

Genere

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

Donna

5810

1.

Uomo

6763

Summary Statistics: Mean 1.4621013282430602; Valid 12573.0; Min. 1.0; StDev 0.49858144960693435; Max. 2.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Y06Qnw+g7MwTrDi2abGZhA==

RECODE of s24 (In quale delle seguenti condizioni si trova? (per chi non lavora,

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.3359886570645219; Mean 3.352685950413226; Max. 6.0; Valid 4840.0; Min. 2.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GwDEMJNjE3Qn+ay+nS1z+Q==

Employment status

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

5.

Unemployed

1154

4.

Student

703

1.

Employed

7733

6.

Other

218

3.

Homemaker

807

2.

Retired

1958

Summary Statistics: Mean 1.9056708820488453; Valid 12573.0; StDev 1.4133731780895489; Max. 6.0; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:drbHYmElH/xDuPBkAmrzMQ==

Titolo di studio in tre categorie

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

Superiori

6399

3.

Laurea e oltre

5070

1.

Elementari e medie

1104

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.315437842996899; Valid 12573.0; Min. 1.0; Max. 3.0; StDev 0.6257654246932546

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:pQ+2HjGsgm4st+LVJArdaw==

miss

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.0; Valid 12573.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 0.0; StDev 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zeG9diSktRDkGquDmFInDw==

sex==Uomo

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.53789867175694; StDev 0.4985814496069343; Valid 12573.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:aJ4AZ6cS08LWGRev5q4qxw==

sex==Donna

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 12573.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.4621013282430601; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.49858144960693435;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:vRuSLG5YmvSYp8mztZsn1Q==

area==Nord-ovest

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.28656645192078245; Max. 1.0; Valid 12573.0; StDev 0.45217516802087176; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:53Fl7PeoSpLAixyOBVo2og==

area==Nord-est

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 12573.0; Mean 0.1974071422890322; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.398057991852179; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xS0TOeOtqVDhidKeVFl6Kg==

area==Centro

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.3940120892582881; Valid 12573.0; Mean 0.19215779845701145

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:28nx8uR/bORNvxHt6Ek8rg==

area==Sud

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 12573.0; Mean 0.21967708581881812; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4140443198167931

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RDmllvgVHYluR6RarUq/hQ==

area==Isole

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.3055209852825063; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.10419152151435597; Valid 12573.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:SAJXLNkvizlgrxtoe6e0bQ==

educ==Elementari e medie

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 12573.0; Mean 0.08780720591744157; StDev 0.2830255670024602;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:qcRpByELr9M4u+V/OTwq5w==

educ==Superiori

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4999398133254196; Mean 0.5089477451682183; Max. 1.0; Valid 12573.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jnjdvqXchStTzh78hIJAdg==

educ==Laurea e oltre

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 12573.0; StDev 0.49056867028746226; Mean 0.4032450489143388; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:BtLI8TQRfZAWrbd/6vroUw==

mnactic==Employed

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 12573.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4866032911483519; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.6150481189851281

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:6XvrjxPVr1hscM/PaVJq+A==

mnactic==Retired

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.36261410977298625; Mean 0.15573053368329437; Min. 0.0; Valid 12573.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Y0yWl2B4XHbv0XTjId7byA==

mnactic==Homemaker

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 12573.0; StDev 0.24509223119821855; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.06418515867334801

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:n0a1QcAVNwix3V0zF8Gyhg==

mnactic==Student

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 12573.0; Mean 0.055913465362283477; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.22976367976779263;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:1BeIk8bERqZQJuib/eivAA==

mnactic==Unemployed

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 12573.0; Mean 0.09178398154776143; StDev 0.28873225116261314

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:TK5Dz9nRy+8TmSBBm0wgfQ==

mnactic==Other

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.017338741748190622; StDev 0.13053530183582304; Min. 0.0; Valid 12573.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Woml9onhfy1vQq3VazS7Hg==

perc_income==Same or better

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.6416129801956563; StDev 0.4795456747266379; Max. 1.0; Valid 12573.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:h4FjBA6c+GRmk95shGuhsw==

perc_income==Worsened

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.27280680823987913; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4454200639695917; Valid 12573.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:A42KWliTPkc8sYshgI5q0g==

perc_income==Worsened a lot

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.08558021156446412; Valid 12573.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.27975429147413855;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cVwnV9B7/pwt++4AVvr2rg==

exposure==More

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.12296190248946162; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.3284065331237588; Valid 12573.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wT2lR221DzZAsIsS9jciiA==

exposure==Like the rest

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.4730772289827405; StDev 0.499294494467662; Valid 12573.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:16dhppGpwLlrHZJW9gBC5g==

exposure==Less

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 12573.0; StDev 0.4907093203011741; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.4039608685277982

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wh9qNCBaQI16mqkDW/V5xQ==

cause==Esperimenti scientifici

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.45191193392539863; Valid 12573.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.28600970333253745

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:lii3Lvi1Xyyjf1Jg4KeAjA==

cause==Guerra Usa-Cina

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.10212359818659007; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.3028228234772802; Valid 12573.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:yvjqHTyTZBb3K26e69l/Fw==

cause==Passaggio da animali selvatici

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.49898372534228846; Valid 12573.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.4678278851507201; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Zp4lo69RccbzePJeJt139Q==

cause==Non saprei

f5745444 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 12573.0; StDev 0.3511430483831897; Mean 0.14403881333015078;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:PBpuoeyQmTEwPDuYDlX4SQ==

Left-right scale + not on scale

f5745444 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

4.

cdx

1856

7.

Don't know

211

3.

centro

1207

6.

Non si colloca

1949

5.

dx

2085

1.

sx

2754

2.

csx

2511

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; StDev 1.8469207908229688; Mean 3.3736578382247657; Valid 12573.0; Max. 7.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:C24wnWzZaiMoe3zo764FLw==

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

Do file Vezzoni et al 2021.do

Notes:

application/x-stata-syntax