Replication Data for: Sustaining Exposure to Fact-Checks: Misinformation Discernment, Media Consumption, and Its Political Implications (doi:10.7910/DVN/UNOOY0)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
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Document Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: Sustaining Exposure to Fact-Checks: Misinformation Discernment, Media Consumption, and Its Political Implications

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/UNOOY0

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Date of Distribution:

2025-02-20

Version:

1

Bibliographic Citation:

Bowles, Jeremy; Kevin Croke; Horacio Larreguy; Shelley Liu; John Marshall, 2025, "Replication Data for: Sustaining Exposure to Fact-Checks: Misinformation Discernment, Media Consumption, and Its Political Implications", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/UNOOY0, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:oenJ5GowEo6C8aBwFFcvuA== [fileUNF]

Study Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: Sustaining Exposure to Fact-Checks: Misinformation Discernment, Media Consumption, and Its Political Implications

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/UNOOY0

Authoring Entity:

Bowles, Jeremy (University College London)

Kevin Croke (Harvard)

Horacio Larreguy (ITAM)

Shelley Liu (Duke)

John Marshall (Columbia)

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Access Authority:

Bowles, Jeremy

Depositor:

Bowles, Jeremy

Date of Deposit:

2024-10-11

Holdings Information:

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/UNOOY0

Study Scope

Keywords:

Social Sciences

Abstract:

Exposure to misinformation can affect citizens’ beliefs, political preferences, and compliance with government policies. However, little is known about how to durably reduce susceptibility to misinformation, particularly in the Global South. We evaluate an intervention in South Africa that encouraged individuals to consume biweekly fact- checks—as text messages or podcasts—via WhatsApp for six months. Sustained exposure to these fact-checks induced substantial internalization of fact-checked content, while increasing participants’ ability to discern new political and health misinformation upon exposure—especially when fact-check consumption was financially incentivized. Fact-checks that could be quickly consumed via short text messages or via podcasts with empathetic content were most impactful. We find limited effects on news consumption choices or verification behavior, but still observe changes in political attitudes and COVID-19-related behaviors. These results demonstrate that sustained exposure to fact-checks can inoculate citizens against future misinformation, but highlight the difficulty of inducing broader behavioral changes relating to media usage.

Notes:

<strong>APSR Data Editors' Note:</strong> APSR Data Editors have reviewed included documentation for completeness and have successfully reproduced all figures and tables in the article using the code and data included in this deposit. Data editors do not review results presented in appendices or supplementary materials.

Methodology and Processing

Sources Statement

Data Access

Other Study Description Materials

Related Publications

Citation

Title:

BOWLES, JEREMY, KEVIN CROKE, HORACIO LARREGUY, SHELLEY LIU, and JOHN MARSHALL. 2025. “Sustaining Exposure to Fact-Checks: Misinformation Discernment, Media Consumption, and Its Political Implications.” American Political Science Review, 1–24.

Identification Number:

10.1017/S0003055424001394

Bibliographic Citation:

BOWLES, JEREMY, KEVIN CROKE, HORACIO LARREGUY, SHELLEY LIU, and JOHN MARSHALL. 2025. “Sustaining Exposure to Fact-Checks: Misinformation Discernment, Media Consumption, and Its Political Implications.” American Political Science Review, 1–24.

File Description--f10599446

File: ab7.tab

  • Number of cases: 1840

  • No. of variables per record: 15

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:sPMTKw5q2vGJgbu9+OttKg==

File Description--f10599460

File: quiz_completion.tab

  • Number of cases: 21907

  • No. of variables per record: 3

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:16K7nEJcfq+LO6L+QvgzsQ==

File Description--f10599466

File: survey_data.tab

  • Number of cases: 8947

  • No. of variables per record: 152

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:6xFeqajxAOTHWsbPk35GwA==

File Description--f10599474

File: topics.tab

  • Number of cases: 105

  • No. of variables per record: 9

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:zJTSSnjKvXrj7sRsKEZ+kg==

File Description--f10599486

File: variable_map.tab

  • Number of cases: 141

  • No. of variables per record: 9

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:vcnwkegV0AlGG4UkwwUP2g==

Variable Description

List of Variables:

Variables

withinwt

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1840.0; Max. 6.66039963736837; Mean 0.9938424187845997; StDev 0.6330310362674257; Min. 0.0507322626987117;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:O60Wfi6lNHprov0HheZdqQ==

Female

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.5001356295229199; Mean 0.49945652173913035; Valid 1840.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:sMt0vnuWXyUAAUCOsRiwgA==

Age

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1840.0; StDev 14.738170821429662; Mean 38.49510869565218; Max. 94.0; Min. 18.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:NFuEzhogeaPRXA62zFp8Cw==

Urban

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.46494454333343344; Valid 1840.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.6842391304347823

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:PMNlak6MISeQjU1YmrLMkg==

Uses_SM

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.4793478260869562; Max. 1.0; Valid 1840.0; StDev 0.49970911461968254

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:edTb6QLdmOCkeIJw1NOTpQ==

Education_Primary

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1840.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.32707316329900243; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.8782608695652175

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xWR5+VouGrWVqrDAgS181w==

Education_Secondary

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.5603260869565216; Valid 1840.0; StDev 0.4964823539245624;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:z0mQLxN4Gyog17QfITTcHA==

Education_University

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.25812562624572627; Valid 1840.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.07173913043478268

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2LfB2M8aPt7ahKkGfA5HqA==

Ethnic_Zulu

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.41733733291051367; Mean 0.22445652173913147; Valid 1840.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:SfkxmNMtkR0rUNWQDKf1Kg==

Ethnic_Xhosa

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1840.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.16739130434782695; StDev 0.37342635434739846; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:M1QY8JRffWwXofFOKnI6iA==

Ethnic_Afrikaans

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1840.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.24982616837568333; Mean 0.06684782608695664;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:EzMK8ZwQpn4+mkoMcOwwDw==

Ethnic_English

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.29642276607887474; Valid 1840.0; Mean 0.09728260869565235; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:APOES6YeSdfAA5ZZ/XGtQg==

Ethnic_Sotho

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.15054347826086947; Min. 0.0; Valid 1840.0; StDev 0.3577005413499927;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:okNAJTFD5ikyomOfFXFWpA==

Ethnic_Ndebele

f10599446 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.13470960273601917; Valid 1840.0; Mean 0.018478260869565288;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mNsPsxLzC8Cf2/Ln56C+6Q==

Province

f10599446 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:B6ReKMkp5jrZmWux8CJONA==

index

f10599460 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.1190468889196241; Max. 4.0; Mean 2.4028849226274853; Valid 21907.0; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5FIbbC9+d91EcCwEoablBQ==

high

f10599460 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.49123308557271034; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.49993504546616235; Max. 1.0; Valid 20988.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jA3HSoih8LINlFPefVir/w==

id

f10599460 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 8945.0; Mean 4584.373168393658; Valid 21907.0; StDev 2556.36288501258; Min. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:m8yjt+LiyKoLU2YHnFbR7A==

block_id

f10599466 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:jJ9rSrQ0McC8OeUubL2boQ==

t0

f10599466 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

Placebo incentives

1213

1.

Control

2348

3.

Pooled treatment

5386

Summary Statistics: Valid 8947.0; Min. 1.0; Max. 3.0; StDev 0.865569097447288; Mean 2.3395551581535696

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:nYz4cpX1Iybk5xz6d5MIUw==

t0_2

f10599466 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

Pooled podcast

4714

2.

Placebo incentives

944

1.

Control

2348

Summary Statistics: Valid 8006.0; Max. 3.0; StDev 0.8915440021057116; Mean 2.2955283537346984; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GWLLAPqjpwc1GH+24V9YUQ==

t5

f10599466 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

4.

Short

1571

5.

Long

1572

2.

Placebo incentives

1213

6.

Empathetic

1571

3.

Text

672

1.

Control

2348

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.8680757924029086; Valid 8947.0; Max. 6.0; Mean 3.393316195372751; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:O5ua0Op49CgTnBLhBOUq2Q==

in_endline

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.5077679669162887; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 8947.0; StDev 0.4999675963454138

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:p8+q4TFbPMFCnpeK4zKoRg==

end_covid_beh_home

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 2.2704067175627234; Max. 7.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 4.196346026854508; Valid 4543.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:q4dsTbvy82vDLZYmwL8jGQ==

end_covid_beh_mask

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 2.3582111746040124; Max. 7.0; Mean 5.265903587937485

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GqvPRwNStgR2DHmgRzbG9w==

end_covid_beh_visit

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 2.098701858652612; Min. -7.0; Valid 4543.0; Mean -1.8120184899845901; Max. -0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:C9jHoNjLroLDS1rkOOO8Qg==

dem_q2_1

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.49471325187200327; Mean 0.5727059349502618; Valid 8947.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kJnVXVFcl01J6LunwRIqjw==

dem_q3_1

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.9918408405051972; StDev 0.08996383837502582; Max. 1.0; Valid 8947.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:lIs8Y3sInG5Q4PzYTbDRVw==

dem_q3_2

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.3214650189085916; Mean 0.8829775343690627; Min. 0.0; Valid 8947.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:iX5sDBuEHhW+XpBAYg6WhQ==

dem_q3_3

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.16888342461159864; Valid 8947.0; StDev 0.3746698592087386

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:MEcMqEn+rp98d9ktFSLg6A==

dem_q4_1

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 8947.0; Mean 0.06974404828434051; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.25472940229974467; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5VVRsKhfWAEvA0NsSY/l3Q==

dem_q4_2

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.2288451556965793; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.055437576841399605; Valid 8947.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:h2lDsTtMHu9Zl73Cbup+ow==

dem_q4_3

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.31474237174471525; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.464439145883326; Valid 8947.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eN1IR8IabeO5zJdVK3gC2w==

dem_q4_4

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.14094109757460965; Min. 0.0; Valid 8947.0; StDev 0.3479802275435566

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DtOrpoQeHSqT/PIJrcfsqg==

dem_q4_5

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.10483961104280717; StDev 0.30636376666897047; Valid 8947.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+lbPtMrwEJfwdg/T15PL7w==

dem_q4_6

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.2779811082582865; Min. 0.0; Valid 8947.0; Mean 0.0843858276517262; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:lHkvdNIH/+WDHFz0gqabwg==

dem_q4_7

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.020677322007377107; Valid 8947.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.14230964098684; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:qHBP1JwNSOQT4NtPYb4HTw==

dem_q4_8

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.28439097278614056; Min. 0.0; Valid 8947.0; Mean 0.08874483066949852;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Sp9xzSstnxAvhhRZ1Dtcag==

dem_q4_9

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 8947.0; StDev 0.32554871653172895; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.12048731418352679

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:HFhG0QRP8S2yHkMJcwSJYA==

dem_q5_1

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 8947.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.5274393651503214; StDev 0.4992744160559568

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:PKfEXFhCfDXm3fD3N4ocRQ==

dem_q5_2

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.41180298891292966; Valid 8947.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.21638538057449477

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:SczneOOIgWxQVNplxvWhVw==

dem_q5_3

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.24242762937297735; Valid 8947.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4285755514972184

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2vUeWQYkqONn4oFprow+8A==

end_icw_challenge

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -2.063979453717585; StDev 1.0105627514502173; Mean -9.342425101738882E-5; Max. 7.4387956100058; Valid 4543.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:81H+OO34YA/TeC4jyOyHXg==

end_icw_consume_close

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -0.677504526158956; Valid 4543.0; Max. 1.4747789817444292; Mean -0.024665724950313477; StDev 0.9895004828921405

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:vaGhDGwlfD328xrWZ0HD9w==

end_icw_consume_sm

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -0.8686051344845123; StDev 0.9964160148617639; Valid 4543.0; Mean -0.02157418562845674; Max. 1.1503149078308406;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ME+fKyk+SST4YglkU3ZwEA==

end_icw_consume_trad_media

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 0.4461364545728069; Mean -0.0084827794290115; Valid 4543.0; Min. -2.239605001955491; StDev 1.0072409810606173

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:i1Xmj5kpUt2mHpvgM3OARg==

end_icw_covid

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.7061242274025172; StDev 0.9874341048043012; Valid 4543.0; Mean -0.016332729166504856; Min. -4.065664443068112

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:SRQapnY224aiWONzciH6PA==

end_icw_pod_takeup

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -1.3461365842733526; Max. 2.166975717705746; StDev 1.1357692023429773; Valid 4543.0; Mean 0.3801231831624174

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:qTrRtJnyHOdQchmaaUj8Mw==

end_icw_share

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -1.6351009600520936; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.9821556270797621; Mean -0.015564818565399749; Max. 1.8945477282539946

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:o+NsD78bokoLLtMP6PLrIg==

end_icw_trust_close

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.9778805224775025; StDev 1.0315610648819487; Valid 4543.0; Min. -2.871384111938626; Mean -0.036382171476231795

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:7CKf9kyko+La5v5jyFTUPw==

end_icw_trust_sm

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -0.06720600619845155; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.9761394196594807; Max. 3.080255474218305; Min. -1.9949450597974068

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jud7Oyct45TMk9SrM2y11w==

end_icw_trust_trad_media

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -3.5264512771000254; StDev 1.0051627116566864; Max. 1.431672074718205; Valid 4543.0; Mean -0.030542999214282888

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:MAyGCuBD0CUxZ04TmnjSRA==

end_icw_verifies

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; Min. -2.579815830082426; Max. 1.0266843259921643; Mean -0.03192627451971517; StDev 0.9904743354632861

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:JrnQI4ds1/RIZ7KVvARrnQ==

end_icw_verify_know

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; StDev 1.0489030033956923; Mean 0.06334506872626836; Min. -4.545783680145344; Max. 4.218614113573959;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xkXCNx0vzdcKP4Nnx5gDhA==

end_icw_verify_know_1

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 4.218614113573959; StDev 1.0489030033956923; Min. -4.545783680145344; Valid 4543.0; Mean 0.06334506872626836

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xkXCNx0vzdcKP4Nnx5gDhA==

end_icw_verify_know_2

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.0489030033956923; Min. -4.545783680145344; Valid 4543.0; Max. 4.218614113573959; Mean 0.06334506872626836

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xkXCNx0vzdcKP4Nnx5gDhA==

end_news_sm

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4935391169424768; Mean 0.41954655513977596; Valid 4543.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:irHUGtSdGk2gs8unY49m+w==

end_pod_freq

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; Max. 5.0; Min. 1.0; Mean 3.240589918556026; StDev 1.252389632992324;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:U/EogIFmcE2syHeaxMeY0g==

end_pod_wcw

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.41272287034998567; StDev 0.49237797208226886; Min. 0.0; Valid 4543.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:FQLxhhWDTAscJNYB1R5N8g==

end_trust_info_sm

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.876513317191284; StDev 1.0386332993636327; Valid 4543.0; Min. 1.0; Max. 5.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:sU+jALNqDwqRhTz1i6nlUg==

val_q2_1

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.3959986587683039; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.48909146119034164; Valid 8947.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:b1AcYawfMW2kXy6yzxgiqQ==

val_q2_2

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 8947.0; Mean 0.4211467531016003; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.49377061057064603

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GMIXzK65Fv1E7rSj3LE+pw==

val_q2_3

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.3427136943101954; Mean 0.13591147870794645; Valid 8947.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:m9F19p5QSPG9ma9+fOxoWQ==

val_q2_4

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 8947.0; StDev 0.20469153124554226; Mean 0.043813568794009654; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:h7wg0AFus2OGo4YjS4OCbQ==

val_q2_5

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.0022353861629595935; Min. 0.0; Valid 8947.0; StDev 0.04722963612592055

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ucinbleAGTvUrCZ3Setz7Q==

end_verify_ask

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.4554784562077943; Min. -1.0; Mean -0.29363856482500517; Max. -0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:V6ZnnkOW4l5JUeuS5yjbeQ==

end_verify_fam_wa

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.38664247512782174; Valid 4543.0; Max. -0.0; Min. -1.0; Mean -0.18291877613911545;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ct9+AszrSsGmyRmAWvuXVA==

end_verify_fc_use

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4999314444121128; Mean 0.48888399735857346; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 4543.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Aadeo49G8uC7IDzoNcQT/g==

end_verify_freq

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 5.0; Mean 3.825885978428355; Min. 1.0; StDev 1.098543510439039; Valid 4543.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:dw8Bepse6n/whOTuJ8qJZA==

end_verify_internet

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.4624697336561748; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.4986443731054058

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:L9Fh0Kt98wKGDWh2URca5g==

end_verify_others_wa

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -0.09399075500770375; StDev 0.2918479769644434; Min. -1.0; Max. -0.0; Valid 4543.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DRxLSHYJhiPnQntjih6eig==

end_verify_sm

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.32776726728903166; Mean -0.1223860884877837; Valid 4543.0; Min. -1.0; Max. -0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:i9Aho8Jh/1fGFdJoFgU61Q==

end_avoid_check

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.39841514417785656; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.48962565995504087; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:IUOfvQehGzyZdGPWdGtT/Q==

end_important_verify

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 4.051067576491304; Min. 1.0; Valid 4543.0; StDev 1.2174563576912798; Max. 5.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cIw5XwEUJEfzCSn1iTQ3fA==

end_think_twice

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 3.8327096632181363; Min. 1.0; StDev 1.050346375533627; Valid 4543.0; Max. 5.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:x6hco1CogZYtI6/0ElLJCg==

end_personal_q1_3

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.07770195905789161; StDev 0.26773147511651313; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 4543.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:53i1/rCy71v8HqBTbxlseA==

end_personal_q1_4

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.30227995703420923; Mean 0.10169491525423757; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Yf8qadE3yYYXM+f89dEFCw==

end_personal_q1_6

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.030596522121945934; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.17224083488378727; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3VGLtKdkZeaRnF/k99Dc4w==

end_personal_q1_5

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.3680938682159694; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.16156724631300914; Max. 1.0; Valid 4543.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:1MVnrDOk7YeTnW5VL9d1ng==

end_personal_q1_2

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.1261281091789563; Min. 0.0; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.3320302336455271;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:llD4NmLnF00LNPG665fBOQ==

end_personal_q1_1

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.409061768338912; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.21241470394012857;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oTjMMaMm3/h522kF8ideQQ==

end_conspiracy_1

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; Min. -5.0; StDev 1.3729070129524508; Max. -1.0; Mean -2.306185340083646;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5g64lc7Ybb8kc6kZBZ33Ww==

end_conspiracy_2

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -5.0; Valid 4543.0; Max. -1.0; StDev 1.376589992081906; Mean -2.182258419546554;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mmMxMdcFARm9+ksPIfPygA==

end_conspiracy_4

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.336544549056454; Mean -2.2808716707021808; Valid 4543.0; Min. -5.0; Max. -1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wI63uzZiAkXGTJw82pHgOw==

end_conspiracy_3

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.3350952524833564; Mean -2.2967202289236193; Valid 4543.0; Min. -5.0; Max. -1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:TdgXXNMeqoMX2b9wLArCQQ==

end_covid_views_hoax

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; Mean -1.6379044684129438; Max. -1.0; Min. -5.0; StDev 1.1059417654569046

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:6P4mAXeQZd8q/iGyOluxmg==

end_covid_views_lockdown

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. -1.0; StDev 0.9184227424565669; Min. -4.0; Valid 4543.0; Mean -1.7856042262821952

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:1ZbZ7485VMusd5NPrChBYA==

end_covid_views_vax_trust

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.3729217680796295; Min. 1.0; Mean 3.3885097952894556; Valid 4543.0; Max. 5.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:WRFw5LAMtiAitTZQ5JwpYg==

end_covid_views_vax_yes

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 3.4860224521241476; Max. 5.0; Valid 4543.0; StDev 1.5439304912758145; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:INmwycfxYvs1o8M4b3HrUQ==

end_discernment_q3

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.268988492789126; Mean -2.48419782870929; Min. -5.0; Valid 4145.0; Max. -1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:tRS1VHgfIszqtS0X7PCTkw==

end_discernment_q4

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 5.0; Valid 4145.0; Min. 1.0; Mean 2.8861278648974675; StDev 1.3060089400181039;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:OYvmuvc8G5RsGBqzMCGIsw==

end_discernment_q1

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -1.5437876960192967; Min. -5.0; StDev 0.9124702530154525; Max. -1.0; Valid 4145.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cIvlZN7Xs2HI0I2eoLC3kg==

end_discernment_q2

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 5.0; Min. 1.0; Valid 4145.0; StDev 1.3419679296762894; Mean 3.1184559710494577

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:OBJAHPRbpsMRARyZSqnLUg==

end_after_stay_subscribed

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.37327597063335255; Valid 4543.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.8327096632181368; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:fsQFfefENhJn+fakOVRA3Q==

end_after_fact_subscribe

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.3554957227680466; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.8516398855381904; Max. 1.0; Valid 4543.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uaG2KPvdQfUdGv9D9qoFuQ==

end_after_reminder_subscribe

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.7107638124587271; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4534576904763222; Valid 4543.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:U1Ziz1cMR54Nnfc1N0YAUg==

end_after_covid_subscribe

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.4502224996607385; Mean 0.717587497248513; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cexamOQIMqeZFZvsZ+u48g==

end_performance_govt

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.3775038520801295; StDev 1.2028496999354006; Valid 4543.0; Min. 1.0; Max. 5.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:QaxqMmqIHHYMakBJbqe6Gw==

end_performance_covid

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; Max. 5.0; Min. 1.0; StDev 1.2152288438870096; Mean 3.0920096852300243;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:qPhUNws9oDA1BGdIqBkHlA==

end_how_true_pols

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; Min. 1.0; Max. 5.0; Mean 3.020250935505172; StDev 0.9524282292695829;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:I5LBzfl7Ny5uUfMAxzNkcg==

end_trust_most_govt

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4596502408772065; Min. 0.0; Valid 4543.0; Mean 0.30310367598503213; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wZOqNAGUWHmWkm3pj+uJtg==

end_trust_most_pols

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.33740547189882475; Mean 0.13097072419106326; Valid 4543.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:h/M9QRCz0fscDrzwCPN1hA==

end_trust_info_pols

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 5.0; Min. 1.0; Valid 4543.0; Mean 2.887079022672242; StDev 1.2000542643894347

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:8geiyt8OlMH6P3RPYePWwQ==

end_vote_incumbent_nat

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.21153422848338144; Valid 4543.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.408441207300526;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rGGU9AitMIZnArsbIBIUdw==

end_vote_incumbent_reg

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.41875764995199316; Mean 0.22672243011226037

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:J2FDSSxccN3OFIS5HpDymw==

end_share_freq

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 5.0; Mean 2.8353510895883804; StDev 1.1130349944839484; Min. 1.0; Valid 4543.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5QRxaxi6mGIEw/czd58lPA==

end_quiz_correct

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 6.0; Mean 2.7547875852960493; Min. 0.0; StDev 1.5639060556948983; Valid 4543.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:8L1Oqk6bRx0xnPEfJQCHNA==

end_how_true_sm

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.833149900946511; Valid 4543.0; Max. 5.0; Min. 1.0; StDev 0.7541938556130313

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2KSppg5MJB44YtVlYNsl0w==

end_trust_most_sm

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.16420867268324862; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.37050560209545835; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:vGbAPzqa0/SmQVcnO1IynA==

end_avoid_ask

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.3374054718988247; Mean 0.13097072419106331; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Sf+VQCm5xHUQbWkumswKHQ==

end_avoid_orgs

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4806591436351071; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.3620955315870573; Valid 4543.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:aXtgFZr+GIpN1a4LyYZpwQ==

end_strat_experts

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.41536429672022923; Min. 0.0; Valid 4543.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4928389822843167

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:BGSEdy+1R0NTPgKgGcb33Q==

end_strat_selves

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -0.1179837112040498; Min. -1.0; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.32262434267945084; Max. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:etORokO9k8+8utB5uTpkfg==

end_strat_popular

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -1.0; Valid 4543.0; Max. 0.0; Mean -0.3726612370680172; StDev 0.4835662428646153

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:m+Frd/LWe5IoNF290srp9w==

end_strat_talk

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.384826374828592; Max. 0.0; Min. -1.0; Valid 4543.0; Mean -0.1807175874972484;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cOPSBbzs5xVEYD6TLHZJ3Q==

end_strat_img

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.36378871145391817; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.15694475016508974

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DdaFE2HHBLtWZk0yBLiY7w==

end_verify_fc_request

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.40497690214438575; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.20669161347127435; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:XvxhC263kc5oXPCi1ADgyQ==

end_fc_requests_any

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.000000000000034; Valid 4543.0; Min. -0.16157882550190664; Max. 10.876806200891505; Mean 6.858187068361893E-16

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:otlu70n7NVeiOBsnBitUNw==

end_icw_alert_fakenews

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.0119061943106435; Max. 1.5802518395355967; Mean 0.0269425775336447; Min. -1.1146818924769506; Valid 4543.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:IAQ+q+pysPPlR88Wt1jJVA==

end_icw_attention

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.0034456274977077; Min. -2.042422516130639; Max. 1.5546773791633612; Mean 0.03104607117326501; Valid 4543.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:PjBLE9Mu27bikGNYw2rDGw==

end_icw_conspiracy

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.06105475866960488; Min. -2.5374541990140345; StDev 0.9893846564928013; Valid 4543.0; Max. 1.2661009303913042

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:8VxhTCKZgoDoneeCNmt2Dw==

end_icw_discernment

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.9959777462294072; Valid 4543.0; Min. -4.423527023829156; Max. 2.5886816277788305; Mean 0.040592984382589646;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:tb4IUGhxYgrPlIaVRRWRdw==

end_icw_discernment_f

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2.012974862064189; Mean 0.0706036321171743; Min. -1.8719201961328091; StDev 0.9745616778120713; Valid 4543.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:CzMQlUqy83vFhBLk9/YYpA==

end_icw_discernment_t

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; Max. 1.1295770684502278; Min. -3.7264681928349717; StDev 0.9574208280431814; Mean -0.012220843818925312

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:HuMvyaciehzsNsQVMB7hxg==

end_icw_future_takeup

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.9501599007501601; Valid 4543.0; Max. 0.7733154443434734; Mean 0.12719237567087047; Min. -2.0767655111726433

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:IrBSiZnlNstteyca4mqlBA==

end_icw_govt

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -1.591670103656307; StDev 1.027651584985824; Mean 0.05349900110389018; Valid 4543.0; Max. 3.5524762850776295;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:hrC7bZgBn5nCYMRmabWXCA==

end_icw_capacity

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.426336239758219; Min. -2.0095580916079947; Mean 0.004602892646863823; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.9694237168782412

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2ae/G6J1CsovVlmTgGTy5g==

end_icw_fake_news

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 4543.0; Mean 0.028258053240681386; Max. 1.4949482738098416; StDev 0.9961582093725866; Min. -1.9831536038076454;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rcOvC0fPohJXXR0tQl5qYA==

end_icw_verify_sources_which_FC

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -0.12157428513680452; Valid 4543.0; StDev 1.0071222682758743; Max. 9.850532740062013; Mean 9.557959038468515E-4

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RTRujTrEMTLjd/f8d7Ee9g==

end_icw_verify_sources_which_Tr

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 6.63755039523323; StDev 0.8129867840073532; Valid 4543.0; Mean -0.08454762048191988; Min. -0.259616008928297;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ehyshvk8pKiNB4oud4fcQA==

end_icw_verify_sources_which_WCW

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.3169347972336714; Valid 4543.0; Min. -0.36258745500694595; StDev 1.287453324429986; Max. 2.7556646580527895;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Dhu3fU4NvTquTjezVzZLvw==

end_icw_verify_sources_which_On

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -0.04941211522760851; StDev 0.952208654861654; Valid 4543.0; Max. 12.2685469499465; Min. -0.486594674854535;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:u+R6uFnRwWGIx38smksWaw==

end_icw_populist

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -2.6074519157629346; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.9923019367699945; Mean -0.004539570898360489; Max. 1.3674424698473147

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:HMhPGr0ybSBoIAdaK3xtpQ==

end_icw_trust_sm_true

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2.9094781422641818; Valid 4543.0; Min. -2.5490519446638666; Mean -0.047475972622444435; StDev 1.029197463059981

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:BianfAHm51W7xYNNO3mGrA==

end_icw_treat_knowledge

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2.5377646823670417; StDev 1.1020447342799138; Mean 0.25094621253564686; Min. -1.6902823806909635; Valid 4543.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:0HsD+pABtEmMIXuF7y3cRg==

end_icw_trust_sm_content

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2.58809683384407; Min. -1.465877828701196; Valid 4543.0; StDev 0.976828320312445; Mean -0.06134560839866791

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:tq60X5doLaCw8CVzrFY4yQ==

covid_beh_home

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 3.95585112328155; StDev 2.112146458978082; Valid 8947.0; Max. 7.0; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:YzZkXKRWfes8cu2FpDOxDA==

covid_beh_mask

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 7.0; Valid 8947.0; StDev 2.4158293610576647; Min. 1.0; Mean 4.96177489661338

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:d0Y9Lo+pzl023IsO+Bn4vA==

covid_beh_visit

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -7.0; Valid 8947.0; Max. -1.0; StDev 1.969598774410512; Mean -2.8791773778920224

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:MUUKuAvAc9AhegQd1WdWDQ==

icw_challenge

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -2.054453174150422; Max. 5.957614390793123; Mean 0.03245182336924272; Valid 8947.0; StDev 1.03399789506441;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:YuhGurdKjYAXj/K/T0UYjQ==

icw_consume_close

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.9866810124578492; Valid 8947.0; Min. -0.6410012676644445; Mean -0.02763499582916035; Max. 1.5593948967743214

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:OfvMSVPZfDQg5HdB2WSrsg==

icw_consume_sm

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -1.6041171010095387; Mean -0.027383279791002472; StDev 1.0033114488632657; Valid 8947.0; Max. 1.0846488114703354

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cx2XQEtMwnkyIev38azK7Q==

icw_consume_trad_media

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -1.521643074374087; Valid 8947.0; StDev 0.993635848322126; Max. 0.6569044491810083; Mean 0.014078310566342248

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:hKS5IUwJ2lbG5aHpzkQCpA==

icw_consume_whatsapp

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -7.362763691168956E-4; Min. -1.9221754239537008; Max. 1.9530637777741036; StDev 0.9976565356130228; Valid 8947.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:CKQYr9EepXWA9PEFawZjAw==

icw_covid

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2.060448385036614; StDev 0.9937090833309141; Valid 8947.0; Mean 4.1741556516055825E-4; Min. -3.6388668853960477

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:VwzwewMXgjPH4Aa9ANQ3lA==

icw_fs_placebo

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.9813436073697296; Max. 7.638548081400359; Min. -0.47823827862696117; Valid 8947.0; Mean -0.023013490336290868

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:HEq1PXSO+s/XPgXLU6jJLA==

icw_misinfo

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -0.016859778482519017; Max. 1.39749485048709; StDev 1.003598752181035; Min. -1.2637524398159816; Valid 8947.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:VNKk4QGBjflcZd72yASvFA==

icw_pod_takeup

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -0.9177009464026485; Mean -0.024441077908353738; Valid 8947.0; StDev 0.9790504516445165; Max. 3.411441510552725;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:027tCMW3CCll3CVkuYneHg==

icw_share

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -2.4254294975709136; Valid 8947.0; Mean 0.004793369500124622; StDev 1.019302551778919; Max. 2.1403608739148816

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:9r3ESIaKf15kgIMW+ZLgrQ==

icw_trust_close

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.9970814198697437; Min. -2.9185000434962953; Mean 0.007939285961755489; Valid 8947.0; Max. 0.957426484857382

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RbPRrpSxtjmcPHSlQmIYhg==

icw_trust_org

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.0017261122135517116; Min. -2.6998881040947493; StDev 1.0021262878513475; Max. 1.1982439594960095; Valid 8947.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:dkb2FyFwwJy5s5FVHq6x2g==

icw_trust_sm

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.870038815898062; Min. -2.6089711164533296; StDev 1.0052151652319832; Valid 8947.0; Mean -0.01242350425775014

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:u1VbUmB8VxjIH0SATCpwxw==

icw_trust_trad_media

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.0089872126719586; Mean -0.020450098317757986; Valid 8947.0; Min. -2.466528836742679; Max. 0.9257158308056064;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DtBJgAr9nsFORRf9MhVaew==

icw_trust_whatsapp

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -0.013535502958857616; Valid 8947.0; Max. 1.5780386990335773; StDev 1.000534004765474; Min. -3.0361195587016954;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3VKKM5NoR16ymdCxJWjMKw==

icw_verifies

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.012068557447146924; Max. 1.1346623874227113; StDev 0.9894958576799767; Valid 8947.0; Min. -2.8387712973923906;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oiYY81P2buMCFhkyfA15zA==

icw_verify_know

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.9763971330158103; Min. -3.302663430707529; Mean 0.004435101425634411; Valid 8947.0; StDev 1.0031847141884487

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:FsbQer3kSvlkDWrfAR5FDA==

icw_verify_know_1

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 8947.0; Max. 1.9763971330158103; Mean 0.004435101425634411; StDev 1.0031847141884487; Min. -3.302663430707529;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:FsbQer3kSvlkDWrfAR5FDA==

icw_verify_know_2

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.0031847141884487; Min. -3.302663430707529; Max. 1.9763971330158103; Mean 0.004435101425634411; Valid 8947.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:FsbQer3kSvlkDWrfAR5FDA==

news_sm

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4981192293301553; Mean 0.5436459148317887; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 8947.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:eoyi65dShaiV+d6sCks6pQ==

pod_freq

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 8947.0; Min. 1.0; StDev 1.30865441045801; Mean 2.525986364144416; Max. 5.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+AqqOTgV9C4t4HuvrnyTLQ==

pod_wcw

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.0698558175924869; StDev 0.2549181152318504; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 8947.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+vgbkEv61K1LSXN/XHwBqQ==

trust_info_sm

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 5.0; StDev 1.0433200225034287; Min. 1.0; Valid 8947.0; Mean 3.198949368503401

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:9vczdCYNHhvn/fg/iRmcFQ==

verify_ask

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 8947.0; Min. -1.0; Mean -0.45590700793562006; StDev 0.49807984919689674; Max. -0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:GblZ+jxhgBSfdFHA5bmIKg==

verify_fam_wa

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.45452731912903543; Max. -0.0; Min. -1.0; Mean -0.2916061249580867; Valid 8947.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DzpaZomlaOsdUgKLIr2CSA==

verify_fc_use

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.2587459483625785; StDev 0.43797022949622244; Valid 8947.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:b25krsHx28ZafPjEN+BBCg==

verify_freq

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 8947.0; Max. 5.0; StDev 0.9961116114371495; Mean 3.8699005253157437; Min. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:A9i7qYPwt0i07EQwnhR5RQ==

verify_internet

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.5827651726835753; Valid 8947.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.49312990776016147; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rhDK/gQmcijQnCUwyEdJrg==

verify_others_wa

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.2953539969034971; Min. -1.0; Mean -0.09131552475689864; Valid 8947.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:U1SvEDTPo9CJuGKVgw1VOA==

verify_sm

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -0.19302559517156623; Min. -1.0; Valid 8947.0; Max. -0.0; StDev 0.3946949792742659;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:U3M5JkRHdZ4cZCn9MEu52A==

id

f10599466 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 2582.9207627541864; Mean 4474.0; Valid 8947.0; Max. 8947.0; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4aAyjbgYL9YPNeFeeLznrQ==

accuracy

f10599474 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Rvm4EV2B1vvUQXsa59rrjQ==

politics

f10599474 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 105.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.12380952380952381; StDev 0.33094381626464836; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:pLSppWhMqTqKlcyi27f89g==

economic

f10599474 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 105.0; Mean 0.09523809523809522; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.294951414636948;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:1AGoX3SNQHXk5UPqM3iY9g==

race_and_nationalism

f10599474 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.31968390982000067; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.11428571428571435; Min. 0.0; Valid 105.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:bng8IupDs+sVA5yRr5jI3w==

health_covid

f10599474 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.14285714285714288; Valid 105.0; StDev 0.3516054232038717; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:cXTbI6/aPt8zM3kCEJByxA==

health_noncovid

f10599474 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 105.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4769408008050135; Mean 0.34285714285714297;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wt9Q1QbHXF2cjotLuMfLXg==

crime

f10599474 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.07619047619047623; Max. 1.0; Valid 105.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.26657507584594436;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:QW5FvS2mmjiJUkRixOmxjw==

society

f10599474 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.219047619047619; Valid 105.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.41558467574084434;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3A5Lpz6hgKtCbIQ4Kk4wLQ==

fun_fact

f10599474 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.3309438162646484; Mean 0.12380952380952381; Valid 105.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xWMDB5GEs/XmTzD/bfrpYw==

endline_var

f10599486 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:PDBO2rdizOF4kwb2xMFPhA==

baseline_var

f10599486 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:ctPdehdBjcYovXYBEKslMA==

lab

f10599486 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:m4iLhZC/9/hoCjy7c1AQSg==

index

f10599486 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:YEqBNq/THfe1KEtwQaNhVg==

direction_pos

f10599486 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.645390070921986; Valid 141.0; StDev 0.4801004623000371; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:D/UfkHa30wK3JczoWS1rxg==

direction_neg

f10599486 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.11347517730496452; Min. 0.0; Valid 141.0; StDev 0.31830350703961463; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:qFrzVG1TAEp8WDPhE+MG1g==

direction

f10599486 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:0JXLyLLfK4Vk4jn7AUCrnQ==

fig

f10599486 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:aVjP5KJ3steKqYbV3nBF3Q==

tab

f10599486 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:NSdNVGbhsi1OlAk19bjr3w==

Other Study-Related Materials

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analysis.R

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type/x-r-syntax

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codebook.pdf

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paper_and_appendix.pdf

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paper_and_appendix.tex

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readme.txt

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survey_instrument.pdf

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Table 2.tex

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Table C1.tex

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Table F9.tex

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